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Immunology-Serology > Chapter 3 - Components of Adaptive Immunity > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Components of Adaptive Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Differentiate active and passive immunity.

A

Active immunity - antigen is introduced to the individual

Passive immunity - antibody is introduced to the individual

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2
Q

Immunity acquired from actual infection is an example of:

A

Natural, active immunity

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3
Q

Immunity acquired from placental transfer and colostrum is an example of:

A

Natural, passive

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4
Q

Colostrum contains which type of antibodies?

A

IgA

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5
Q

Immunity acquired from injection of immunoglobulins is an example of?

A

Artificial, passive

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6
Q

Immunity acquired from vaccines is an example of?

A

Artificial, active

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7
Q

What are the different types of lymphocytes?

A

B, T, NK

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8
Q

Which WBC/s are considered as an agranulocyte?

A

Lymphocytes only. Monocytes are granulocytes.

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9
Q

A DNA polymerase active during the process of Ig and T cell receptor gene rearrangement early in a precursor B or T cell’s life.

A

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)

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10
Q

Antigenic features of leukocytes that are differentiated by groups of monoclonal antibodies expressing common activity.

A

Cluster of differentiation

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11
Q

Which lymphocyte is associated with humoral immunity?

A. T cells
B. B cells

A

B. B cells

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12
Q

Which lymphocyte is associated with cellular immunity?

A. T cells
B. B cells

A

A. T cells

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13
Q

What are the markers for T cells?

A

CD 2, CD 3, CD 4, CD 8

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14
Q

What are the markers for B Cells?

A

sIg, CD 19, CD 21,

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15
Q

If B cells produce antibodies, what does T cells produce?

A

Lymphokines

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16
Q

Which is more abundant in circulation, T cells or B cells?

A

T cells

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17
Q

Which has a shorter life span, T cells or B cells?

A

B cells (3-5 days)

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18
Q

What is the lifespan (range) of T cells?

A

4-10 years

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19
Q

responsible for the maturation, differentiation and growth of lymphocytes.

A. Primary lymphoid organs
B. Secondary lymphoid organs

A

A. Primary lymphoid organs

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20
Q

Also known as the central lymphoid organs

A. Primary lymphoid organs
B. Secondary lymphoid organs

A

A. Primary lymphoid organs

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21
Q

What are the primary lymphoid organs?

A

BM and thymus

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22
Q

Main site (organ) of antibody production.

A

Spleen

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23
Q

Which secondary lymphoid organ detects antigen found in tissue fluids?

A

Lymph nodes

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24
Q

Which secondary lymphoid organs detect antigens in the blood?

A

Spleen

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25
Q

Largest secondary lymphoid organs.

A

Spleen

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26
Q

What does the secondary lymphoid organ BALT acronym stand for?

A

Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue

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27
Q

The trapping site of antigens.

A. Primary lymphoid organs
B. Secondary lymphoid organs

A

B. Secondary lymphoid organs

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28
Q

This is where the production of antibodies and lymphokines and phagocytosis occurs.

A. Primary lymphoid organs
B. Secondary lymphoid organs

A

B. Secondary lymphoid organs

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29
Q

This is where antigenic lymphopoiesis occurs.

A. Primary lymphoid organs
B. Secondary lymphoid organs

A

B. Secondary lymphoid organs

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30
Q

Where can you find T cells?

A

Medullary, perifollicular and paracortical region of lymph nodes / periarteriolar regions of spleen / thoracic duct of the circulatory system

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31
Q

Where can you find B cells?

A

Follicular and medullary (germinal centers) of lymph nodes / primary follicles and red pulp of spleen / follicular region of GALT

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32
Q

Latency is associated with which virus?

A

Herpes virus

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33
Q

What do you call a chickenpox reinfection?

A

Shingles

34
Q

The traditional marker for T cells

A

CD2

35
Q

The traditional marker for B cells

A

Surface immunoglobulins (sIg)

36
Q

The new marker for T cells

A

CD3, CD4 and CD8

37
Q

The new marker for B cells

A

CD19, CD20, CD21

38
Q

Most commonly used technique to differentiate B from T cells.

A

Sheep RBC (E-rosetting)

39
Q

With which lymphocyte will sheep’s RBC form rosette?

A

T cells

40
Q

Growth of haemophilus uses which animal blood?

A

Horse blood

41
Q

NK cell was previously classified as?

A

T cell

42
Q

How was NK cell different from T cells?

A

NK cell is CD3 negative unlike T cells

43
Q

What are the markers for NK cell?

A

CD2, CD16, CD56 (CD3 negative)

44
Q

Where would you most likely find virgin or naive lymphocytes?

A. Primary lymphoid organs
B. Secondary lymphoid organs

A

A. Primary lymphoid organs

45
Q

Which lymphocyte is responsible for immune response and are involved in antibody regulation?

A

T cells

46
Q

Which lymphocyte is the precursor cell in antibody production?

A

B cells

47
Q

Subsets and subpopulation of T cells

A

Subsets: T helper cells, T cytotoxic cells
Subpopulation: T regulatory cells

48
Q

Which B cell is the most common B cell in circulation?

A

B2

49
Q

Which B cell is CD5 positive?

A

B1

50
Q

In which stage of T cell in its development will it start containing both CD4 & CD8?

A

Double positive thymocytes

51
Q

Which interleukin activates T cells?

A

IL-2

52
Q

In what stage of T cell development does positive and negative selection occur?

A

Double positive thymocytes

53
Q

Positive selection of T cells means:

A. Proliferation of that T cell would be allowed
B. Proliferation of that T cell would not be allowed

A

A. Proliferation of that T cell would be allowed

54
Q

Which stage of T cell in its development would it be capable of producing lymphokines?

A

Sensitized T cell

55
Q

At which stage of T cell development can we start distinguishing between helper and cytotoxic T cells?

A

Mature T cells

56
Q

At which B cell stage of development does it start to rearrange the genes coding for the heavy chain?

A

Pro-B cell

57
Q

Pro-B cells are CD___ and CD___ positive.

A

CD19, CD45

58
Q

At which B cell stage will heavy chains and sometimes surrogate light chains start to appear?

A

Pre-B cell

59
Q

The first Ig isotype that appears on the surface of B cells.

A

IgM

60
Q

Which cell produces antibodies?

A

Plasma cells

61
Q

Which mature B cell remains at circulation?

A. Follicular
B. Marginal

A

B. Marginal

62
Q

CD21 starts to appear at which B cell stage?

A

Immature B cell

63
Q

Sheep RBC receptor in T cells.

A

CD2

64
Q

T cell receptor that is a part of T cell antigen-receptor complex

A

CD3

65
Q

Receptor of MHC class II molecule

A

CD4

66
Q

Receptor of MHC class I molecule

A

CD8

67
Q

A substance that can cause mitosis.

A

Mitogen

68
Q

Enumerate 3 T cell mitogens

A

Pokeweed antigen (PWA), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalene A (CON-A)

69
Q

Enumerate 2 B cell mitogens

A

Pokeweed antigen, LPS

70
Q

Gold standard to ID blood cells

A

Flow cytometry

71
Q

Technique used to separate lymphocytes from other blood cells

A

Ficoll-Hypaque

72
Q

Commonly used specific gravity in performing Ficoll-Hypaque.

A

1.077

73
Q

The medium used to cultivate lymphocytes

A

Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)

74
Q

Which type of T helper cells mediate cell immunity?

A

Type 1 T helper cells

75
Q

Which type of T helper cells mediate antibody production?

A

Type 2 T helper cells

76
Q

Which type of T helper cells suppress antibody production?

A

Type 3 T helper cells

77
Q

sIg found on this cell’s cytoplasm.

A. B cell
B. Plasma cell
C. T cells

A

B. Plasma cells

78
Q

sIg found on this cell’s surface

A. B cells
B. Plasma cells
C. T cells

A

A. B cells

79
Q

HIV receptor

A

CD4

80
Q

IL-2 receptor

A

CD25

81
Q

EBV receptor

A

CD21

Immunology-Serology (6 decks)

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