chapter 4: lumbar spine Flashcards

1
Q

lumbar spine nerve roots exit where

A

below the vertebral foraen

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2
Q

iliolumbar ligament connects what and can refer pain where

A

connects L4-L5 TP with iliac crest

can refer pain to the groin area

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3
Q

major movement for lumbar spine

A

flexion and extension

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4
Q

lateral to medial back muscles

A

iliocostalis longisisumus spinalis

i love sex

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5
Q

L5 sidebending to the right will create what axis

A

right oblique axis

L5 N SrRl will change sacrum to Right on right forward sacral torsion

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6
Q

sacralization of L5

A

TP of L5 fuses with sacrum
loss of mobility of L5 jiont
early disc degen

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7
Q

lumbarization of sacrum

A

S1 separated from scarum no looks like 6th lumbar vert

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8
Q

psoas syndrome symptoms

A

spasm shortens psoas
sacral torsion toward side of sidebending
contralateral pelvic shift
contralateral piriformis muscle spasm (pseudosciatica)
hypertonic psoas
type 2 dysfunction of L1 or L2 (usually flexed and rotated to side of dysfunctional psoas)
contralateral pelvic shift
sacral torsion towards side
positive thomas test

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9
Q

treat psoas syndrome

A

take care of L1 or L2 first

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10
Q

spinal stenosis gets better with what

A

forward flexed positiotn

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11
Q

mri change spinal stenosisis

A

degen change

calcifications

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12
Q

where does spinal cord usualy terminate

A

L1 and L2

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13
Q

most common anomaly in lumbar spine

A

facet (zygopophyseal) trophism

lumbar spine facet jionts are more closely aligned to coronal plane vs sagittal (back medial plane)

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14
Q

motion of L5 and sacrum

sidebending of L5 will casuse sacral oblique axis to be engaged on ___ side

rotation of L5 wil cause sacrum to rotate toward ___ side

A

same

opposite

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15
Q

ferguson’s angle

A

lumbosacral angle

formed from intersection of horizontal line and the line of inclination of sacrum

normal is 25-35

increased lordosis = increased angle = low back pain
decrased lordosis = decreased ferggy angle

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16
Q

herniated nucleus pulposus cause

pain worsens with what

A

due to narrowing of the posteior longit ligament and a psoeteriolateral herniation of the intervertebral disc

98% btwn L4-L5 or L5-S1

flexion of lumbar spine = worse pain, bumbness or tingling and sharp pain

17
Q

organic causes psoas syndrome

A

SAMS UU

salpingitis
appendicitis
metastatic carcinoma of prostate
sigmoid colon dysfunction

ureteral calculi
ureter dysfunction

18
Q

tender point where for psoas syndrome

A

medial to ASIS

19
Q

treatment for psoas

A

ice

stretch if chronic

20
Q

spinal stenosis is worsened by what

21
Q

spondylolisthesis grading

1
2
3
4

A
1 = 0-25%
2 = 25-50%
3 = 50-75%
4 = >75%
22
Q

spondylolysis defintinon

and how view it

A

defect of pars interarticularis without anterior displacement of verterbral body

oblique view will ID the fracture of pars interartricularis
colar on neck of scotty dog

23
Q

spondylosis

A

degenerative change within intervertebral disc and ankylosing of adjacent vertebral bodies

24
Q

sondylolisthesis with what x rays

spondylolysis with what x rays

A

lateral

oblique

25
cauda equina syndrome compression of which nerve roots
below L2
26
signs and symptoms of cauda equina syndrome
saddle anesthesia, decrased DTR, decreased rectal sphincter tone, loss of bowel and bladder control