Chapter 4: Individuals/Groups/Communities Flashcards
what is evidence based decision making?
integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values
helping relationship has 3 important attributes (Rogers):
warmth, empathy, genuineness
what is reflection action reflection
reflecting on practice in such a way that our personal beliefs, expectations, biases become more evident; self-understanding ^ awareness of assumptions we make automatically or uncritically cuz of worldview
skills needed for direct intervention:
active listening, validating feelings, interviewing/dialoguing, paraphrasing, clarifying, summarizing, giving info, interpreting, building consensus
what is critical self reflection?
recognize that SW identity belief shaped not just by self and personal experience but by society
4 stages of direct intervention:
intake, assessment/planning, intervention, evaluation/termination
assessment involves the art of ___
asking questions
what is consciousness-raising?
encourages ppl to gain insight into circumstances with view to changing them (ie. progressive, feminist, structural approach)
part of consciousness-raising process is ____
normalization
group dynamics include:
how ppl talk and interact with each other, a sense of belonging to the group, influence that group has on individual members to conform to certain behaviours/practices/beliefs
5 categories of groups:
self help, educational, support/therapy, task, social action
group facilitation skills:
connecting, focusing on process, cueing, supporting, blocking, demonstrating social empathy
Tuckman 5 stages of group development:
forming, storming, norming, performing, adjorning
what is a community?
group of ppl with diverse characteristics who are linked by social ties, share common perspectives and identity, engage in joint action in specific geographic locations
why have communities?
sense of community decreases isolation, ^ shared resources, facilitate self efficacy, defend against oppression/exploitation, better health
3 types of community work(Rothman)
locality development, social planning, social action
what is locality development?
focus on issues relevant to particular neighbourhood/geographic space, engage wide number community participants (eg. community health centres, settlement house mvmt)
roles of social worker in locality development?
facilitator, educator, community organizing
what is social planning?
expert driven approach found in social planning councils and city planning departments, focus on technical and immediate
roles of social worker in social planning?
researcher, proposal writer, communications manager
what is social action?
activist approach seen in many social movements, often uses protests and aim to redistribute power/resources/decision making, focus on marginalized and general public
roles of social worker in social action?
advocate, facilitate, organize, research
who was the father of community organizing?
Alinsky
community work needs to be ___
fun
Freirian approach to community work begins with __ then ___ which are presented to stimulate discussion and action
listening survey; create codes from ideas heard
what is integral to Freirian approach to social change is process of reflection and action called ___
praxis
contemporary approach to community organizing popular internationally by McKnight and Kretzmann:
community capacity building
community capacity building focuses on ___ instead of __
assets/strengths; needs
3 components of community capacity building peer model;
get assistance, connect with others, work for change
who said:” never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world; indeed, it is the only thing that ever has”
Margaret Mead
feminist and women centred approaches to community organizing rely on:
consensus decision making, shared leadership, process orientation
community building can be a ____ practice
healing
phases of community work (lee):
pre-entry, contact and engagement, community analysis, organizational development, action planning and mobilization, conflict resolution, evaluation
most common form of community analysis:
participatory action research
two important things that happen in PAR:
skills development, get evidence to encourage power holders to create change
three approaches to action planning:
cooperating with power holders, issue-raising campaigns, confrontation
key to any successful action is:
media coverage
