Chapter 4: Financial Resource Management Flashcards
Budget
type of operational plan for the coordination of resources and expenditures
Spending-Ceiling Model
incremental model; type of expenditure budgeting that requires justification only for those expenses that exceed those of the previous budget cycle
Spending-Reduction Model
type of budgeting used during periods of financial retrenchment that requires reallocation of institutional funds, resulting in reduced spending levels for some programs
Zero-Based Budgeting
model that requires justification for every budget line item without reference to previous spending patterns
Fixed Budgeting
method in which expenditures and revenues are projected on a monthly basis, thereby providing an estimate of cash flow
Variable Budgeting
method requiring adjustment of monthly expenditures so that they do no exceed revenues
Lump-Sum Budgeting
method that allocates a fixed amount of money for an entire program without specifying how the money will be spent
Line-Item Budgeting
method that allocates a fixed amount of money for each sub function of a program
Performance Budgeting
method that allocates funds for discrete activities
Needs Assessment
systematic set of procedures undertaken to set organizational or programmatic priorities based on identified needs
Need
the discrepancy between the present program status and the desired future state of one or more aspects of the program
Purchasing
process of acquiring goods and services
Request for Quotation (RFQ)
document that provides vendors with the specifications for bidding on the sale of goods and services
Bidding
process whereby vendors provide cost quotations for goods and services they wish to sell
Negotiations
process of bargaining
Implied Warranty
an unstated understanding that a vendor will “make good” if a product is faulty
Express Warranty
an explicit statement specifying the conditions, circumstances, and terms under which a vendor will replace or repair a product if found to be faulty
FOB Point
freight-on-board point; point at which the title for shipped goods passes from vendor to purchaser
Requisition
type of formal or informal communication, usually written, used for requesting authorization to purchase goods or service
Purchase Order
document that formalizes the terms of a purchase and transmits the intentions of the buyer to purchase goods or services from a vendor
Receiving
process of accepting delivery of goods purchased from a vendor
Pooled Buying Consortium
group of similar institutions that merge resources to purchase goods in large quantities to receive volume discounts
Inventory Management
process of controlling equipment and supply stocks so that services can be provided without interruption while the use of institutional resources is maximized
