Chapter 4: Birth and Physical Development during the First Three Years Flashcards by Aihla Llona Rosaldo

The act or process of giving birth.

a. Labor
b. Birth process
c. Parturition
d. Childbirth

c. Parturition

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Mechanical monitoring of fetal heartbeat during labor and delivery.

a.Electronic fetal monitoring
b. Amniocentesis
c. Embryoscopy
d. Cordoncentesis

a. Electronic fetal monitoring

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Delivery of a baby by surgical removal from the uterus.

a. Prepared childbirth
b. Natural childbirth
c. Spontaneous abortion
d. Cesarean delivery

d. Cesarean delivery

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Method of childbirth that seeks to prevent pain by eliminating the mother’s fear through education about the physiology of reproduction and training in breathing and relaxation during delivery.

a. Prepared childbirth
b. Natural childbirth
c. Spontaneous abortion
d. Cesarean delivery

b. Natural birth

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Method of childbirth that uses intruction, breathing exercises, and social support to induce controlled physical responses to uterine contractions and reduce fear and pain.

a. Prepared childbirth
b. Natural childbirth
c. Spontaneous abortion
d. Cesarean delivery

a. Prepared childbirth

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An experience mentor who furnishes emotional support and information for a woman during labor.

a. Surrogate
b. Nurse
c. Doula
d. Mother

c. Doula

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First 4 weeks of life, a time of transition from intrauterine dependency to independent existince.

a. Neonate
b. Newborn
c. Infant
d. Neonatal period

d. Neonatal period

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Newborn baby, up to 4 weeks old.

a. Neonate
b. Newborn
c. Infant
d. Neonatal period

a. Neonate

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Lack of oxygen, which may cause brain damage.

a. Neonatal jaundice
b. Anoxia
c. Infant mortality
d. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

b. Anoxia

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Condition, in many newborn babies, caused by immaturity of liver and evidenced by yellowish appearance; can cause brain damage if not treated promptly.

a. Neonatal jaundice
b. Anoxia
c. Infant mortality
d. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

a. Neonatal jaundice

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Sudden and unexplained death of an apparently healthy infant.

a. Neonatal jaundice
b. Anoxia
c. Infant mortality
d. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

d. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

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Neurological and behavioral test to measure neonate’s responses to the environment.

a. Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS)
b. Apgar scale

a. Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS)

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Standard measurement of a newborn’s condition; it assesses appearance, pulse grimace, activity, and respiration.

a. Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS)
b. Apgar scale

b. Apgar scale

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An infant’s physiological and behavioral status at a given moment in the periodic daily cycle of wakefulness, sleep, and activity.

a. State of arousal
b. Stable
c. Neonatal screening
d. Body systems

a. State of arousal

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Which of the following are states of arousal in infancy?

a. Regular sleep
b. Irregular sleep
c. Drowsiness
d. Alert inactivity
e. Walking activity
f. All of the above
g. None of the above

f. All of the above

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Weight of less than 5½ pounds (2500 grams) at birth because of prematurity or being small-for-date.

a. Low-birth-weight babies (LBW)
b. Preterm (premature) infants
c. Small-for-date (small-for-gestational-age) infants

a. Low-birth-weight babies (LBW)

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Infants born before completing the 37th week of gestation..

a. Low-birth-weight babies (LBW)
b. Preterm (premature) infants
c. Small-for-date (small-for-gestational-age) infants

b. Preterm (premature) infants

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Infants whose birth weight is less than that of 90 percent of babies of the same gestational age, as a result of slow fetal growth.

a. Low-birth-weight babies (LBW)
b. Preterm (premature) infants
c. Small-for-date (small-for-gestational-age) infants

c. Small-for-dat (small-for-gestational-age) infants

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Method of skin-to-skin contact in which a newborn is laid face down between the mother’s breasts for an hour or so at a time after birth.

a. Kangaroo care (KC)
b. Infant care
c. Long-term care
d. Treatment

a. Kangaroo care (KC)

A fetus not yet born as of 2 weeks after the due date or 42 weeks after the mother’s last menstrual period.

a. Infant mortality rate
b. Postmature
c. Stillbirth

b Postmature

Death of a fetus at or after 20th week of gestation.

a. Infant mortality rate
b. Postmature
c. Stillbirth

c. Stillbirth

Proportion of babies born alive who die within the 1st year.

a. Infant mortality rate
b. Postmature
c. Stillbirth

a. Infant mortality rate

Tendency of each of the brain’s hemisphere to have specialized functions.

a. Differentiation
b. Integration
c. Myelination
d. Lateralization

d. Lateralization

Process by which neurons coordinate the activities of muscle groups.

a. Differentiation
b. Integration
c. Myelination
d. Lateralization

b. Integration

Process by which cells acquire specialized structures and functions. a. Differentiation b. Integration c. Myelination d. Lateralization

a. Differentiation

Process of coating neural pathways with a fatty substance called myelin, which enables faster communication between cells. a. Differentiation b. Integration c. Myelination d. Lateralization

c. Myelination

In brain development, normal elimination of excess brain cells to achieve more efficient functioning. a. Reflex behaviors b. Myelination c. Cell death d. Plasticity

c. Cell death

Automatic, involuntary, innate responses to stimulation. a. Reflex behaviors b. Myelination c. Cell death d. Plasticity

a. Reflex behaviors

(1) Range of modifiability of performance (2) Modifiability, or "molding," of the brain through experience. a. Reflex behaviors b. Myelination c. Cell death d. Plasticity

d. Plasticity

Which reflex describes, baby's toes fans out and foot twists in. a. Moro reflex b. Darwinian (grasping) reflex c. Tonic nec reflex d. Babinski reflex e. Rooting reflex f. Walking reflex g. Swimming reflex

d. Babinski reflex

Which reflex describes, babies make well-coordinated swimming movements. a. Moro reflex b. Darwinian (grasping) reflex c. Tonic nec reflex d. Babinski reflex e. Rooting reflex f. Walking reflex g. Swimming reflex

g. Swimming reflex

Which reflex describes, babies extend legs, arms, and fingers, arches back, draws back head. a. Moro reflex b. Darwinian (grasping) reflex c. Tonic nec reflex d. Babinski reflex e. Rooting reflex f. Walking reflex g. Swimming reflex

a. Moro reflex

Which reflex describes, baby's head turns; mouth opens; sucking movements begin. a. Moro reflex b. Darwinian (grasping) reflex c. Tonic nec reflex d. Babinski reflex e. Rooting reflex f. Walking reflex g. Swimming reflex

e. Rooting reflex

Which reflex describes, babies turn head to one side, assumes "fencer" position, flexes opposite limbs. a. Moro reflex b. Darwinian (grasping) reflex c. Tonic nec reflex d. Babinski reflex e. Rooting reflex f. Walking reflex g. Swimming reflex

c. Tonic neck reflex

Which reflex describes, babies make steplike motions that look like well-coordinated walking. a. Moro reflex b. Darwinian (grasping) reflex c. Tonic nec reflex d. Babinski reflex e. Rooting reflex f. Walking reflex g. Swimming reflex

f. Walking reflex

Which reflex describes, babies make strong fist; can be raised to standing position if both fists are closed around stick. a. Moro reflex b. Darwinian (grasping) reflex c. Tonic nec reflex d. Babinski reflex e. Rooting reflex f. Walking reflex g. Swimming reflex

b. Darwinian (grasping) reflex

Increasingly complex combinations of motor skills, which permit a wider or more precise range of movements and more control of the environment. a. System of action b. Gross motor skills c. Fine motor skills d. Locomotion

a. System of action

Physical skills that involve the large muscles. a. System of action b. Gross motor skills c. Fine motor skills d. Locomotion

b. Gross motor skills

Physical skills that involves the small muscles and eye-hand coordination. a. System of action b. Gross motor skills c. Fine motor skills d. Locomotion

c. Fine motor skills

Screening test given to children 1 month to 6 years old to determine whether they are developing normally. a. Motos development test b. Dynamic systems theory (DST) c. Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) d. Denver Developmental Screening Test

d. Denver Developmental Screening Test

Esther Thelen's theory, which holds that motor development is a dynamic process of active coordination of multiple systems within the infant in relation to the environment. a. Motos development test b. Dynamic systems theory (DST) c. Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) d. Denver Developmental Screening Test

b. Dynamic systems theory (DST)

Ability to perceive objects and surfaces three-dimensional. a. Depth perception b. Haptic perception c. Visial cliff d. Ecological theory of perception

a. Depth perception

Ability to acquire information about properties of objects, such as size, weight, and texture, by handling them. a. Depth perception b. Haptic perception c. Visial cliff d. Ecological theory of perception

b. Haptic perception

Apparatus designed to give illusion of depth and used to assess depth perception in infants. a. Depth perception b. Haptic perception c. Visial cliff d. Ecological theory of perception

c. Visual cliff

Theory developed by Eleanor and James Gibson, which describes developing motor and perceptual abilities as interdependent parts of a functional system that guides behavior in varying contexts. a. Depth perception b. Haptic perception c. Visial cliff d. Ecological theory of perception

d. Ecological theory of perception