Chapter 3: Forming a New Life Flashcards
Union of sperm and ovum to produce a zygote; also called conception.
a. Fertilization
b. Zygote
c. Cells
d. Egg cells
a. Fertilization
One-celled organism resulting from fertilization.
a. Fertilization
b. Zygote
c. Cells
d. Egg cells
b. Zygote
Methods used to achieve conception through artifical means.
a. Dizygotic twins
b. Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
c. Cesarean
d. Fertilization
b. Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
Twins conceived by the union of two different ova (or a single ovum that has split) with two different sperm cells; also called fraternal twins; they are no more alike genetically than any other siblings.
a. Dizygotic twins
b. Multiple births
c. Mutation
d. Monozygotic twins
a. Dizygotic twins
Twins resulting from the division of a single zygote after fertilization; also called identical twins; they are genetically similar.
a. Dizygotic twins
b. Multiple births
c. Mutation
d. Monozygotic twins
d. Monozygotic twins.
Chemical that carries inherited instructions for the development of all cellular forms of life.
a. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
b. Genes
c. Sex chromosomes
d. Chromosomes
a. Deoxyribonuceic acid (DNA)
Sequence of bases within the DNA molecule; governs the formation of proteins that determine the structure and functions of living cells.
a. Chromosomes
b. Human genome
c. Genetic code
d. Autosomes
c. Genetic code
Coils of DNA that consist of genes.
a. DNA
b.Genetic code
c. Genes
d. Chromosomes
d. Chromosomes
Small segments of DNA located in definite positions on particular chromosomes; functional units of heredity.
a. Genetics
b. Sex chromosomes
c. Mutations
d. Genes
d. Genes
Complete sequence of genes in the human body.
a. Human genome
b. DNA
c. Autosomes
d. Mutations
a. Human genome
Permanent alterations in genes or chromosomes that may produce harmful characteristics.
a. Chromosomes
b. Autosomes
c. Mutations
d. Sex chromosomes
c. Mutations
In human, the 22 pairs of chromosomes not related to sexual expression.
a. Autosomes
b. DNA
c. Genetic code
d. Genes
a. Autosomes
Pair of chromosomes that determines sex: XX in the normal human female, XY in the normal human male.
a. DNA
b. Genetic code
c. Chromosomes
d. Sex chromosomes
d. Sex chromosomes
Two or more alternative forms of a gene that occupy the same position on paired chromosomes and affect the same trait.
a. Alleles
b. Genes
c. Chromosomes
d. Autosomes
a. Alleles
Possessing two identical alleles for a trait.
a. Dizygotic twins
b. Heterozygous
c. Homozygous
d. Monozygotic twin
a. Homozygous
Possessing differing alleles for a trait.
a. Dizygotic twins
b. Heterozygous
c. Homozygous
d. Monozygotic twin
b. Heterozygoes
Pattern of inheritance in which, when a child receives different alleles, only the dominant one is expressed.
a. Polygenic inheritance
b. Dominant inheritance
c. Recessive inheritance
b. Dominant inheritance
Pattern of inheritance in which, when a child receives identical recessive alleles, resulting in expression of a nondominant trait.
a. Polygenic inheritance
b. Dominant inheritance
c. Recessive inheritance
c. Recessive inheritance
Pattern of inheritance in which multiple genes at different sites on chromosomes affect a complex trait.
a. Polygenic inheritance
b. Dominant inheritance
c. Recessive inheritance
a. Polygenic inheritance
Oservable characteristics of a person.
a. Traits
b. Phenotype
c. Epigenesis
d. Genotype
b. Phenotype
Genetic makeup of a person, containing both expressed and unexpressed characteristics.
a. Traits
b. Phenotype
c. Epigenesis
d. Genotype
d. Genotype
Combination of genetic and environmental factors to produce certain complex traits.
a. Multifactorial transmission
b. Phenotype
c. Epigenesis
d. Genotype
a. Multifactorial transmission
Mechanism that turns genes on or off and determines functions of body cells.
a. Multifactorial transmission
b. Phenotype
c. Epigenesis
d. Genotype
c. Epigenesis
Degenerative disease of the brain and nerve cells, resulting in death before age 5.
a. Spina bifida
b. Cystic fibrosis
c. Polycystic kidney disease
d. Tay-Sachs disease
d. Tay-Sachs disease