Chapter 4 - Basic Phenomena

Question 1

Extinction

Answer 1

CS becomes less strong bc it occurs without US

Question 2

Acquisition

Answer 2

Strengthening a classically conditioned response

Question 3

Spontaneous recovery

Answer 3

Reappearance of CR to CS of following rest period after extinction

Question 4

Disinhibition

Answer 4

Sudden recovery of response during extinction when a novel stimulus is introduced

Question 5

Higher order conditioning

Answer 5

A stimulus is associated with a CS an becomes a CS but is weaker than original.

Question 6

Higher order conditioning wasp example

Answer 6

Get stung by a wasp. See wasps around your neighborhood trash can, the trash cans elicit a form of discomfort now as well.

Question 7

Sensory preconditioning

Answer 7

A stimulus has been conditioned and a perviously presented stimulus is now conditioned even if it wasn’t directly paired

Question 8

Sensory preconditioning wasp example

Answer 8

You have a acquired a fear of wasps due to being stung. You remember that a wasp nests was in a toolshed once and are now scared of the wasps.

Question 9

Overshadowing

Answer 9

Most salient member of compound stimulus is more readily conditioned

Question 10

Overshadowing basketball example

Answer 10

You and someone else are the best of the best of basketball. He is more likely to overshadow you Bc he looks more salient or more fit to be a basketball player

Question 11

Blocking

Answer 11

Presence of an established CS interferes with the conditioning of anew CS

Question 12

Blocking dog/light example

Answer 12

Light paired with food = salivation
Light + tone with food = salivation
Tone with food = no salivation
Light blocks tone, no conditioning happening

Question 13

Latent inhibition

Answer 13

Conditioning of an unfamiliar stimuli is more easily than a familiar one

Question 14

Latent inhibition dog/tone example

Answer 14

Dog heard tone 40 times.
Tone is paired with food once.
Dog doesn’t salivate to only tone

Question 15

Temporal conditioning

Answer 15

CS is a passage of time (dog give food every 10 minutes, begins to salivate towards the end of 10 minute interval)

Question 16

Temporal conditioning bomb example

Answer 16

City is bombed for several nights in a row at 2 am, people will begin to feel anxious as 2 am approaches

Question 17

External inhibition

Answer 17

Opposite of disinhibition. Decrease in CR due to presentation of novel stimulus at the same time as CS

Question 18

External inhibition wasp example

Answer 18

Wasps are buzzing around, you feel anxious but a violinist begins to play and distracts you which decreases your anxiety

Question 19

US revaluation

Answer 19

Post conditioning presentation of US at a diff level of intensity thereby altering the strength of response

Question 20

US revaluation dog example

Answer 20

Bell paired with small amount of food = small salivation. Then given a large amount later = large salivation. Bell = large salivation (revalues amount, expects more)

Question 21

Pseudoconditioning

Answer 21

Response occurs due to sensitization rather than conditioning

Question 22

Pseudo conditioning war example

Answer 22

Shots fired scares a soldier. Now any sudden change scares him such as door slamming or tap on shoulder