Chapter 4 Atoms And The Periodic Table

Question 1

What is a nucleus?

Answer 1

A nucleus is the middle of the atom that is made of protons and neutrons.

Question 2

What is a proton?

Answer 2

A particle in the nucleus of the atom and has a positive charge.

Question 3

What is a neutron?

Answer 3

A particle that is in the nucleus with protons in an atom. Also a neutron has no charge.

Question 4

What is an electron?

Answer 4

A particle in an atom that has a negative charge.

Question 5

What is a valence electron?

Answer 5

Valence electrons is in the outermost shell of an atom and show the chemical properties.

Question 6

What is an orbital?

Answer 6

Part in the atom where it is likely to find electrons.

Question 7

What is the periodic law?

Answer 7

States that the element’s chemical and physicals properties change periodically with the atomic numbers.

Question 8

What is a period?

Answer 8

The horizontal rows in the periodic table of elements.

Question 9

What is a group?

Answer 9

Vertical columns in the periodic table of elements.

Question 10

What is an ion?

Answer 10

Group of atoms that lost or gained one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge.

Question 11

What is the automatic number?

Answer 11

Number of protons in the nucleus

Question 12

What is the mass number?

Answer 12

Sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 13

What is an isotope?

Answer 13

Atom that has same number of protons as other elements that are the same type but has a different number of neutrons

Question 14

What is the atomic mass effect unit?

Answer 14

One twelfth of the mass of a carbon atom with mass number 12 describes the mass of a molecule or atom.

Question 15

What is average atomic mass?

Answer 15

Weighed average of the masses of naturally occurring isotopes.

Question 16

What is a metal?

Answer 16

Shiny solids that can be stretched and shaped. Also good conductors of electricity.

Question 17

What is a nonmetal?

Answer 17

Found on right side of periodic table and can be solids, liquids, and gases. Solid nonmetals are dull, brittle, poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Question 18

What is a semiconductor?

Answer 18

Element/ compound that conducts electricity better than an insulator but not as well as conductors.

Question 19

What is an alkali metal?

Answer 19

One of the elements that’s in the periodic’ table group 1. Soft shiny reacts violently with water

Question 20

What is an alkaline earth metal?

Answer 20

Have 2 valence electrons, one of the elements of group 2 of the periodic table.

Question 21

What is a transition metal?

Answer 21

One of the elements of group 3-12 of the periodic table.

Question 22

What is a halogen?

Answer 22

Located in group 17

Question 23

What are noble gases?

Answer 23

Located in the right edge of the periodic table.

Question 24

What is a mole?

Answer 24

Collection of a very large number of particles. 6.022 x 10^23. Measures amount of a substance whose number of particles is the same as the number of atoms of carbon in 12g of carbon-12

Question 25

What is Avogadro’s constant?

Answer 25

Defined as the number of particles, 6.022 x 10^23 in exactly 1 mol of a pure substance.

Question 26

What is molar mass?

Answer 26

Mass in grams of 1 mol of a substance.

Question 27

What is conversion factor?

Answer 27

Radio derived from the equality of two different units and can be used to convert from one unit to another