Chapter 3 Matter And Energy Flashcards
What is a solid?
Solids have a definite shape and could. Also their molecules are packed tightly together and only vibrate.
What is a liquid?
Liquids have a definite volume, but they change shape and take the shape of their container. Also their particles move more rapidly.
What is a gas?
The particles in a gas move more rapidly than solids and liquids. Gas expands to fill the available space.
What is plasma?
A state of matter that begins as a gas but becomes ionized.
What is energy?
Energy is doing work.
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of atoms in a substance.
What is evaporation?
Evaporation is when a liquid changes into a gas.
What is sublimation?
Sublimation is where a solid changes into a gas. (The reverse process)
What is condensation?
Condensation is when a gas changes to a liquid.
What is a fluid?
A fluid is a state of matter and is not a solid and the atoms move past each other freely as in a liquid or gas.
What is a buoyant force?
A buoyant force is a force exerted upward on an object immersed in or floating on a fluid.
What is pressure?
Pressure is the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface.**
What is Archimedes’ principle?
The buoyant force is an upward force on an object in a fluid and the force is equal to the weight of the volume of the fluid.
What is pascal?
SI unit of pressure.
What is Pascal’s principle?
Principle that states that a fluid in equilibrium contained in a vessel exerts a pressure of equal intensity in all directions.
What is viscosity?
The flow resistance of a gas or liquid.
What is a crystalline solid?
Crystalline solids don’t have to be crystals. They have an array net order of atoms or molecules. Examples are salt or a desk.
What is a amorphous solid?
An amorphous solid are rubbery or stretchy substances like butter or gum. They the atoms or molecules have no order.
What is surface tension?
Property of liquids/ force acting on the molecules at the surface of the liquid that causes a liquid.
What is Archimedes principle?
Mass of water displaced=mass/volume of objects. The upward force on the object in the water is equal to the weight of the volume of the fluid that the object displaces.
What is Charle’s law?
States for a fixed amount of pressure the temperature decreases as volume increases.
What is Boyle’s law?
For a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature volume increases as its pressure decreases.
