Chapter 4- Atoms And The Periodic Table Flashcards
Atom
Unable to be divided
Nucleus
Has a positive electric charge
Protons
Positive charge and sits in the nucleus
Neutron
A neutral charge and is in the nucleus with the protons
Electrons
Has a negative charge and is in a neutron cloud
Orbital
Electrons around the going nucleus
Valence
The number of atoms in the outermost shell. From 1-8
Periodic law
There will be similarities in the element properties
Period
Rows on the periodic table
Groups
Columns in a periodic table
Ion
Atoms with gained or lost electrons and has a negative or positive charge.
Atomic number
The amount of protons and electrons an atom has
Mass number
The weight of one atom and the number of electrons.
Isotope
Change of weight on an object by changing the number of neutrons
Atomic mass number (amu)
1/12 the mass of a carbon atom
Average atomic mass
Average of isotopes of the same element
Metal
Solid
Nonmetal
Anything that is not solid
Semiconductor
Conductors of heat and electricity
Alkali metals
The first group of the periodic table
Alkaline earth metals
Group 2 in the periodic table
Transition metals
Groups 3-12
Halogens
Group 17
Noble gases
Group 18
Mole
Used to count small particles
Avoagdro’s constant
6.022*10^23
Molar mass
Mass in grams of 1 mol
Conversion factor
Two ratios equally from two different elements
