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Ap Humon Go > Chapter 4 and 6 quizz! > Flashcards

Chapter 4 and 6 quizz! Flashcards

1
Q

What is a culture

A

A culture is a group of belief systems, norms, and values practiced by a people
1. People may call themselves a culture
2. other people can label a certain group of people as a culture

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1
Q

Folk Culture

A

It is small, it incorporates a homogeneous population, is typically rural and is cohesive in cultural traits. (Most cultures fit between this AIms to preserve old practices and refuses modern trends

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2
Q

Popular Culture

A

Large heterogeneous population. Typically urban. and experiences changing cultural traits. (Most cultures fit between this)
- This culture can diffuse very quickly
- main paths of diffusion are transportation, marketing, and communication networks

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3
Q

Local Culture

A

A group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a collective or a community, who share experiences customs and traits and who work to preserve those traits and customs in order to claim uniqueness and to distinguish themselves from others
They rely on religoin and belief systems to maintain
They face pressure from larger cultur toq
Similar to folk but different

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4
Q

Material Culture

A

Things they construct such as art houses, clothing sports

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5
Q

Non material culture

A

beliefs, practices, aesthetics (what is attractive), and values

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6
Q

Hierarchical diffsuion

A

Fashion trens and stuff spreading from the most connected

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7
Q

Assimilation

A

When a group of people adopt the cultural norms of a dominant society

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8
Q

Customs

A

Local cultures r sustained through this
A practice that a group of people routinely follow.
People have customs on all parts of life like dancing eating etc

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9
Q

What are the two goals local cultures have

A

Harrison was the one who discovred it
He finds that they typically keep other cultures out and keeping their culture in
FEX: A local culture creating boundaries around itself in order to avoid contamination

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10
Q

Cultural appropration

A

Is they are making fun of it it is cultural appropration

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11
Q

Anabptist groups

A

Anabaptist groups are people who primarily follow god. GOD FIRST NOT GOVERNMENT
Anabaptist groups are found inn rural places.
Anabaptist groups fled to rural areas to live alone and apart and avoid prosectuion

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12
Q

Ethnic Neighborhoods

A

Migrants who gather and live with each other in concentrated areas
Like Hasidic Jews in brooklyn
New York City China Town

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13
Q

Commodification

A

The process of something being given value.
A cultures jewerely and clothing

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14
Q

Authenticity

A

Is it real, accuracy

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15
Q

Time space conpression

A

How quickly innovation diffuse and refers to how interlinked two places are through transportation and communication technologies

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16
Q

Opinion Leaders

A

People in social networks who have millions of followers, who help diffuse new ideas

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17
Q

Reterrirotrailization

A

A term referring to when people start to produce an aspect of popular culture themselves, doing so in the context of their local culture and place and making it their own
Like china soccer changed to america in their culture

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18
Q

Cultural Landscape

A

How people modify their a physical landscape in a way that reflects their own culture
- Agriculture
- Economic Activity
- Religion
- Linguisitc Characters
- Sequence Occupants
- Traditional Architecture

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19
Q

Placelessness

A

The losss of uniqueness to a place

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20
Q

Global - Local Continuum

A

What happens at one scale is not dependent on what happens at the next scale

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21
Q

Frenchification

A

Promoting French and using it when interacting with other parts of the world

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22
Q

What is langauge

A

A fundamental element of local and national culture
A set of sounds and symbols that is used for communication.
An integral part of culture

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23
Q

Mutual Intelligibility

A

Two people understanding each other when speaking.
However the argument goes that this is impossible because two languages will never be able to understand each other.
However two dialects can come to a mutual consensus
Yet Linguists have rejected this as strongly as geographers reject enevrionmental determinism.

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24
Q

Standard Language

A

A language that is published. widely known

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25
Q

Dialects

A

Variatns of a standard language along regionla or ethnic lines. Differences in vocab, syntax, pronlucation and cadence

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26
Q

Dialect Chains

A

Dialects near each other will be most similar

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27
Q

Language Families

A

At the global scale we classify language as language families. Each family encompasses multiple languages that have a shared but fairly rdistant orgin
Group fo langauges that shrea common acsestor

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28
Q

Subfamiles

A

Broken down even more. Divisions within a language family. where the commonalities are more definite and their origin is more recent

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29
Q

Cognate

A

Word that has the same linguistic derivation as another word.
Ex: milk lacte latta leche

30
Q

Proto Indo European

A

All european language derived from this

31
Q

Prto Eurasiatic

A

Even earlier

32
Q

Language Divergence

A

Occurs when spatial interactions amoung speakers of a language breaks down and the language fragments first into dialects and then into discrete tounges.
Basically new languages are formed when a language breaks down.

33
Q

Backward Reconstruction

A

Tracking back the language

34
Q

Language Convergence

A

Collapsing of two languages into 1

35
Q

Germanic Language

A

Language that reflects the expansion of peoples out of Northern Europe to the west of South.
(English, German, Danish, Norwegian, and Sweidsh)

36
Q

Salvic Languages

A

Devloped by Slavic People
(Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Ukraniuan, Solvenian, Serbo

37
Q

Lingua Franca

A

Is a language used among speakers of different languages for the purpose of trade and commerece

38
Q

Pidgin Language

A

When people speaking two languages are in conatact in they combien this is it

39
Q

Creoloe Language

A

A pidgin language that hes devloped a more complex structure and vocabularyy and has become the native lammgauge of a group
Formed by the combination of two or more lang

40
Q

Monolingual State

A

A Country with one langauge however is impossible because very country has people who speak more than one language

41
Q

Multilingual state.

A

A contry that speaks more than one language

42
Q

Official Language

A

An official language spoken by the country

43
Q

Isogloss

A

Distinct Boundary defined by linguistic characteristics

44
Q

Aculturation

A

When an individual or group adopts certain cultural traits from another culture. Doesnt lose just modifies

45
Q

Syncreitsm

A

When two or more cultures evolve or change overtime in a similar manner but remian culturally dsitinct

46
Q

Multiculturalism

A

When a society has a largely diverse of cultures that co-exist with one another

47
Q

Prto Language

A

ALl langauge comes from this

48
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Evaluation of another culture by a group’s own cultural standard.
- Judgement

49
Q

Cultural Mosaic

A

A mix of many ethinicities.

50
Q

Universalzing Religoins

A

Relgioin that seeks to appeal to all people
Seek to expand
Christinaity, Islam

51
Q

Christianity

A
  • Monthesitcal based on Jesus Christ
  • One of the abrahamic
  • Hearth Medterainian
  • During the collonial era missionaries spread around the world often setting up boarding school and churches and started spreading the faith
  • Churches gospels
52
Q

Islam

A
  • Hearth Eastern Mdeterianian
  • After Muahmammad the leader passed it split between the SHia and the Shunee
    Shia: Accepted the desencdents of Muahmmad
    Sunni: Acceped the first 4 caliphs as the rightful sucessor
  • Both follow the five pillars
  • Islam diffuesd through conquest trade and missionary work
  • Islam has many Mosque
53
Q

Buddhaism

A
  • South Asia
  • Does not have a diety
  • Has enlightenment
  • Before it was hinduaism - Had a caste system
  • Diffused through relocation as missionaries spread the faith
  • Spread through extensive trade routes and adapting other faith
  • In china is spread through stimulus. it adapted Diaosim and Confusionism
  • Temples Pogodas
54
Q

Pogodas

A

Temeples often seen in Buddhaism

55
Q

Skihism

A
  • Monteshitic
  • All human beings can atttain spirtual liberation
  • 10 Gurus
  • five articles of faith
  • Relocation Diffusion
  • Shape the landscape through curisne
56
Q

Ethinic REligoin

A

Stay in a specific group. Does not try to convert other people

57
Q

Hinduism

A
  • Started in India
  • Belives in karama
  • Diffused through stimulus diffsuion
  • Migrations
  • Shapes the cultural landscape throuhg hinduis temple
58
Q

Judaism

A
  • Eastern Medterrinian
  • Closely linked to a sense of shared history that connects to the jews
  • Judiasm diffused by relocation because of war and presuctuion
  • Israel is Judaism homeland
  • Seen through Synagogues
59
Q

Synagogues

A

A Jewish Building

60
Q

Langauges Order

A

Proto- lingura- before written records
Linguage family- Group of langauges that share common ancestry
Linguage Branch- Subidivsion of a Language Family
Langauge group- Part of a language branch
Dialects- Different forms of variances that occur

61
Q

Patriarchal Culture

A

Men call all the shots

62
Q

Cultural Relativism

A

The evaluation of one culture by that own cultures standards.
- No judgement

63
Q

Example of Sequence Occupant

A

Dome of the Rock then came Jewish Temple Mount landmark with people that left cultural inprint

64
Q

Ethnicity

A

Cultural Traits shared that distinguish them as a group

65
Q

Ethnic Enclave

A

An actual community, have economic connections

66
Q

Centripetal Force

A

Bringing people together
- Like Hinduism

67
Q

Centrifugal Force

A

Separating People
- Shi’ite and Sunni

68
Q

Imperialism

A

When a powerful state enacts policies to extend power over another place

69
Q

Colonialism

A

When one powerful state establishes settlements in another place for the purpose of economic or political gain

70
Q

late 14 hundred?

A

European began colonizing North South America and south north america

71
Q

What happened ltaer in like the 18 hundred

A

Europe began colonizing Africa

72
Q

Creolization

A

When two languages combine to form a new distinct language
- Africkaan dutch and african

73
Q
A

Ap Humon Go (9 decks)

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