chapter 4 a tour of the cell

Question 1

Difference in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Answer 1

pro = no true nucleus
euk= true nucleus

Question 2

cytoplasm

Answer 2

region of the cell between membrane and nucleus

Question 3

cytosol

Answer 3

fluid in the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Question 4

protoplasm

Answer 4

nucleus + cytoplasm

Question 5

what is the plasma membrane made of

Answer 5

phospholipids and proteins

Question 6

nucleoplasm

Answer 6

viscous material inside the nucleus

Question 7

nucleolus

Answer 7

dense globular mass

Question 8

chromatin

Answer 8

all the dna and their associated protein

Question 9

chromosome

Answer 9

one strand of chromatin

Question 10

what are ribosomes made of

Answer 10

ribosomal subunits and a strand of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Question 11

where are ribosomes found ?

Answer 11

suspended in the cytoplasm or attached to the ER

Question 12

what is the ER

Answer 12

closed membranous sac that begins at the nucleus and curves through the cytoplasm

Question 13

RER- what is attached , produce and where seen

Answer 13

ribosomes, membrane proteins and secretory proteins, seen in cells that produce protein for extra cellular use

Question 14

What types of enzymes does SER produce ?

Answer 14

Responsible for lipid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and toxic substances

Question 15

golgi apparatus functions

Answer 15

Modifies protein and lipids produced by the RER and SER

Question 16

Lysosomes

Answer 16

type of vesicle that buds of from Golgi

Question 17

what do the lysosomes contain ?

Answer 17

enzymes to breakdown macromolecules

Question 18

storage diseases

Answer 18

caused by the absence of lysosomal enzymes; hereditary

Question 19

vacuoles

Answer 19

membrane bound body without any internal structures

Question 20

what is the chloroplasts function ?

Answer 20

synthesize organic compounds

Question 21

stroma

Answer 21

clear watery region inside the chloroplast

Question 22

thylakoid sacs

Answer 22

sac like vesicles in the stroma

Question 23

grana

Answer 23

stacks of thylakoid sacs

Question 24

Mitochondria functions

Answer 24

breakdown carbon compounds in the presence of oxygen to produce energy (ATP)

Question 25

Cytoskeleton

Answer 25

interconnected system of fibers and threads that extends from the plasma membrane to the nucleus

Question 26

Cytoskeleton functions

Answer 26

shapes cell, supports plasma and nuclear membranes, five framework for organelles, helps cell movement

Question 27

what is the cytoskeleton made of

Answer 27

intermediated filaments, microfilaments, and microtubules

Question 28

cell surface ( plants )

Answer 28

cellulose cell wall

Question 29

cell junction ( plants )

Answer 29

plasmodesmata ( channels through the cell walls of adjacent cells )

Question 30

cell surface (animal)

Answer 30

extra cellular matrix

Question 31

cell Junction (animal)

Answer 31

tight junctions, anchoring junctions and gap junctions