chapter 3 - molecules of life Flashcards
organic compounds
compounds in which carbon atoms are covalently bonded to each other to form backbone to which other atoms are attached to
hydrocarbons
compounds where only hydrogen is attached to the backbone
monomers
single units ( micromolecules )
polymers
large molecules made up of numerous monomers ( macromolecules)
carbohydrates
sugars
what types of carbohydrates are there?
Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
Monosaccharides
can not be moved into simpler sugar ex - glucose, fructose, galactose
Disaccharides
contain two monosaccharide residues ( maltose , sucrose, lactose )
Polysaccharides
numerous glucose units linked together ex- starch, glycogen and cellulose
lipids
fatty compound ( used for energy, cushion vital organs, isolate body from cold )
Triglyceride
one glycol molecule attached to 3 fatty acid molecules
Saturated fat
glycerol attaches to 3 saturated fatty acid chains
unsaturated fat
glycerol attached to 1 or more unsaturated fatty acid chains
Polyunsaturated fat:
glycerol attached to 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid chain
Hydrogenated fats
MUFs that are artificially solidified by the addition go hydrogen