Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Behavior > chapter 4 > Flashcards

chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

define behavioral genetics

A

a field of study which investigates how behavioral traits and disorders are influenced by heredity and env

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define chromosomes

A

rod shaped bodies that carry the genes containing hereidiatary charac, each cell has 46 chromosomes in the nucleus (except germ cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define congenital

A

a condition present at the time of birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

define DNA

A

acronym; deoxyribonucleic acid. The substance that contains the hereditary makeup fo each cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define genes

A

unit carries hereditary trait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define genetics

A

carried by the genes; pertaining to the genes, internal genetic blueprint for inhereted traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

define genotype

A

specific hereditary make up of a person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

define hereditary

A

traits inherited from the parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

define heredity

A

the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

define human genome project

A

scientific research project bw 1990-2003 that identified all the genes in human DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

define phenotype

A

an organisms physical type; a set of char that est physical appearance; observable outward manifestation of inherited traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

define rapport

A

a relationship in which there is mutual acceptance, understanding and respect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How are people alike?

A
  1. all have needs (water, shelter, o2, sleep), 2.. Psych needs (acceptance, belonging, love, self esteem, opportunities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

define dominant traits

A

traits which are expressed even if inhereted by one parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a recessive trait?

A

trait manifested if matched with recessie gene from EACH parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

define sex-linked traits

A

traits which are inhereted thru X or Y or mom or dad (color blindness is only in males but inherited from mothers bc on X chrom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the basics of human behavior?

A
  1. obtain or 2. avoid Behavior is influenced by culture, env. Heredity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 3 major forces to create an ind?

A
  1. heredity, 2. developmental process, 3. physical and social environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Explain Heredity

A

each person unique, from conception, one and only combo affects ind for life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Physiology of Heredity

A
  1. 46 chromosomes, 2. from conception, 23 matched pairs - one from each parent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sex linked chromosomes

A

x is female, y is male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Genes

A

molecules of DNA,

23
Q

DNA

A

4 chemicals 1. adenine, 2 thymine, c. guanine, d. cytosine, strands wrapped around (double helix) in every cell in form of genes, sequence est traits

24
Q

what are the genetic bases for individuality?

A

characteristics can be due to 1. one specific gene, 2. sequential arangement of molecules on each gene, 3. particular pair of genes, 4. group of genes interacting with each other, 5 influence of environment on genes.

25
Q

What is an expressed trait

A

individual manifests the trait

26
Q

What are unexpressed traits

A

ind is predisposed to trait under certain situations, carrier, can be passed to children who may manifest the trait

27
Q

What is a genetic disorder

A

disorder resulting from ind genetic makeup, can be present from birth as Developmental disorder, or appear later as health problem

28
Q

What is a single-gene disorder?

A

absence or alteration of one gene specific to that trait, test avail for many, Cystic Fibrosis, hemophilia, R/G color blindeness

29
Q

What is a multifactoral disorder?

A

dis. Involves variations of several genes. Harder to dtect bc more complex than single gene

30
Q

What are chromosomal disorders?

A

have different number ie down syndrome 3 instead of 2

31
Q

what is gene therapy

A

consists of modifying specific gene in order to treat or prevent a specific disease

32
Q

What does genetic testing do?

A
  1. identify disorder, 2. confirm dx, 3. identify carriers, r. identify those at risk of dev disease but do not have it currently
33
Q

Human Genome Project

A

completed in 2003, map the sequencing of genes on chromosomes

34
Q

What is a Human Genome?

A

map, pattern, of chromosomal and gene arrangements, the basis for genetics in humans

35
Q

issues with genetic testing

A

1.testing has surpassed therapies, 2. privacy rights, rights of pts to participate in health related decisions 3. expensive 4. risks with testing (ins coverage loss)

36
Q

Where else is genetic testing used?

A
  1. paternity, 2. crimes
37
Q

Behavioral genetics

A

understand beh thru heredity and biological influences. Seems some beh are hereditary and some are env.

38
Q

Rate of Development

A

hereditary factor, how quickly a child develops “big/small for age”

39
Q

Prenatal influences on the developmental process

A

prenatal env due to mom health, nutrition, pathogenic orgs, and substances in blood (alchohol, tobacco, drugs) FAS, folic acid and Spina Bifida, EMOTION/STRESS, abuse during preg. Neg impact. Positive experiences have pos impact

40
Q

Environmental influences on developmental process

A
  1. physical env. - play outside, experiences, clubs/orgs, sports, incidental learning building, digging, time with family,
41
Q

Safety

A

primary concern on growth

42
Q

social environment

A

trust/distrust b. worth, c. nurture/neglect, d. structure/chaos, e. comfort/suffering

43
Q

Culture and Socioeconomic level

A

culture: belief, ideas, values,customs, child learn from adults arouond them

44
Q

Home and development

A

responsive to needs, health practices, type of parenting style, anxious parents

45
Q

Types of abuse

A

physical (beatings, sex) verbal (put down, guilt), emotional, actions (dark rooms) heavy burdn on child

46
Q

School years

A

ready for school, differences in how kids respond to early school

47
Q

Influence

A

as children they cannot choose heredity, home env, devl influences, but can mature and direct choices as adults

48
Q

What is prejudice

A

negative feelings toward people from other race, or subcultures. Adults can change early learnings and choose beliefs

49
Q

Value system

A

degree of importance attached to various beliefs, ideas or material things, incl honesty, truthfulness, achievement, love friendship, material possessions, religion, work, family

50
Q

Standards of behavior

A

own personal rules and regulations

51
Q

Adult responsibilities for behavior

A
  1. recog neg behavior take control, positive beh, sound decisions, ineffecive beh get in wa of goals
52
Q

Health care and behavior

A

understanding behav and people helps est rapport,

53
Q

What happens when a pt is difficult

A

try to understand the reasons why, may be needs not being met, pleasant pts may be covering up

Human Behavior (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions