Chapter 4

Question 1

affix

Answer 1

added pieces to a root

Question 2

affixation

Answer 2

forming words by adding affixes to morphemes

Question 3

agglutinating language

Answer 3

morphemes are joined together relatively loosely.

Question 4

allomorph

Answer 4

Different phonetic shapes of the same stem or affix. (example: malign/malignant, damn/damnation, condemn/condemnation)

Question 5

alternation

Answer 5

internal modification of a morpheme. (ex: man-men, woman-women, break-broke, held-hold)

Question 6

ambiguity

Answer 6

can be associated with more than one meaning

Question 7

analytic language

Answer 7

made up of sequences of morphemes. Each word consists of a single morpheme, used by itself with meaning and function intact.

Question 8

bound morpheme

Answer 8

morphemes that cannot stand alone, affixes are bound

Question 9

bound root

Answer 9

morpheme that seems to have a basic meaning, but they are unable to stand alone. (Ex-ceive in receive, deceive. boysen or rasp “berries”

Question 10

closed lexical category

Answer 10

lexical category in which the members are fairly rigidly established and additions are made very rarely and only over long periods o time. ie pronouns, conjunctions, determiners, prepositions

Question 11

compounding

Answer 11

Forming a new word from 2 or more independent words.

Question 12

conjunction

Answer 12

a function word such as and, but, however

Question 13

content morpheme

Answer 13

carry semantic content, the word is something out in the world.

Question 14

content word

Answer 14

Free content morphemes: nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs

Question 15

function morpheme

Answer 15

contain primarily grammatically relevant information, no semantics

Question 16

determiner

Answer 16

consists of expressions that are an expression of a noun. (Ex: a, the, this, your)

Question 17

form

Answer 17

when morphology is used to create new words.

Question 18

productive

Answer 18

currently used to make new words

Question 19

reduplication

Answer 19

forming a new word by doubling morphemes or parts of morphemes “bye-bye” “not green enough, I want “green-green”

Question 20

simultaneous affix

Answer 20

a visual gesture (ASL) of two morphemes at the same time.

Question 21

fusional language

Answer 21

words are formed by adding bound morphemes to stems. fuses may not be easy to separate from the stem. Example; Spanish ablo, abla, ablamos) “fused together”

Question 22

hierarchical structure

Answer 22

words that are layered, can be broken down into this tree structure to illustrate the relationship among morphemes

Question 23

incorporation

Answer 23

combining morphemes into a single word in a polysynthetic language

Question 24

input

Answer 24

the linguistic form before the application of a rule or a set of rules.

Question 25

morphology

Answer 25

component of mental grammar that deals with types of words and how words are formed out of smaller meaningful pieces and other words.

Question 26

open lexical category

Answer 26

The category new words belong to. Nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs.

Question 27

output

Answer 27

the word formed when an affix attaches to a stem, normally belonging to the same lexical category.

Question 28

partial reduplication

Answer 28

Morphological reduplication in which only part of a morpheme is reduplicated.

Question 29

polysynthetic language

Answer 29

a type of language that attaches several affixes to a stem to indicate grammatical relationships.

Question 30

preposition

Answer 30

Free function morphemes: adjectives, pronouns, adverbs and conjunctions

Question 31

pronoun

Answer 31

closed lexical category-we, she, they

Question 32

reduplicant

Answer 32

The morpheme that is repeated in a reduplication; the first syllable of the stem

Question 33

suppletion

Answer 33

when a root has one or more inflected forms that are phonetically unrelated to the shape of the root. (ex is/was, go/went)

Question 34

suffix

Answer 34

an affix added to the end of the root or stem

Question 35

stem

Answer 35

affixes attach to stems. ex: catty is a stem, but cat is a root

Question 36

root

Answer 36

the free morpheme in a word that contributes the most semantic content to the word, which affixes can attach

Question 37

prefix

Answer 37

the affix preceding the root

Question 38

morpheme

Answer 38

smallest linguistic unit with a meaning.

Question 39

free morpheme

Answer 39

can be stand alone words

Question 40

inflection

Answer 40

Creation of different grammatical forms of words