Chapter 2

Question 1

Phonetics

Answer 1

The study of minimal units that make up language

Question 2

Three aspects to study of speech

Answer 2

Articulatory Phonetics
Acoustic Phonetics
Auditory Phonetics

Question 3

Articulatory Phonetics

Answer 3

the study of production of speech sounds, what parts of the mouth are used and in what configuation

Question 4

Acoustic Phonetics

Answer 4

the study of the transmission and physical properties of speech sounds

Question 5

Recent Tools used to investigate sound production (articulation)

Answer 5

X-Ray microbeam
electromagnetic articulograph
palatography
ultrasound

Question 6

Sound spectograph

Answer 6

Used with acoustic phonetics

Question 7

Auditory Phonetics

Answer 7

Study of how humans process speech (perceive) sounds

Question 8

Co-articulation

Answer 8

The influence of one sound on a neighboring sound.

Example K sound in Keep and Cool is different

Question 9

Sample Sounds of I

Answer 9

Sea, see, scene, receive, thief, amoeba, machine

Question 10

Segments

Answer 10

Discreet units of the speech stream, can be further divided into categories of consonants and vowels.
Transcribed with [ ]

Question 11

Suprasegmentals

Answer 11

The properties that “ride on top”: stress, tone and intonation

Question 12

Airflow

Answer 12

Impeded with consonants due to constriction

Freely flows with vowels, due to only slight narrowing

Question 13

Parts of a syllable

Answer 13

Onset-consonants that occur before the rhyme
Rhyme-vowel and any consonants that come after
Nucleus-vocalic part of rhyme
Coda-final consonants
Cats- K (onset) ae (nucleus) ts (coda)

Question 14

Monophthongs

Answer 14

Simple vowels-single configuration of vocal tract

Example: knives

Question 15

Diphthongs

Answer 15

Complex vowels- composed of a sequence of two different configurations
Ex: naive

Question 16

Segmental Features

Answer 16

Voicing
Place
Manner of Articulation

Question 17

3 basic components of anatomy for production of speech

Answer 17

Larynx-voicebox, vocal folds open and close
Vocal tract-composed of oral and nasal cavities, above larynx
Subglottal system-part of respiratory system, below larynx

Question 18

Airstream mechanisms

Answer 18

pulmonic=Lung
egressive= blowing out
ingressive= made with an intake of air

Question 19

Bilabial (place of articulation)

Answer 19

Consonants made by bringing both lips close together.

Ex: [p] pat, [b] bat, [m] mat, [w] with, [w] where (if h silent)

Question 20

Labiodental (place of articulation)

Answer 20

Consonants made with lower lip against upper front teeth. Ex: [f] fat, [v] vat

Question 21

Interdentals (place of articulation)

Answer 21

Tip of tongue protruding through the teeth. “th”;s but different 2 different sounds. Ex: thigh and thy

Question 22

Alveolar (place of articulation)

Answer 22

Tongue tip at or near the front or upper alveolar ridge.

[t] tab, [d] dab, [s] sip, [z] zip, [n]noose, atom, [l]loose, red

Question 23

Post-Avleolar (place of articulation)

Answer 23

Front of the tongue, just behind the alveolar ridge, at front of palate.
Ex: leash, church, judge, measure

Question 24

Palatal (place of articulation)

Answer 24

Body of the tongue near the center of the hard portion of the roof of the mouth (hard palate). [j] yes (only one sound)

Question 25

Velar (place of articulation)

Answer 25

Back of the tongue raised near the velum (soft palate)

Ex: [k] Kill [g] gill, sing

Question 26

Glottal (place of articulation)

Answer 26

Air is constricted at the larynx

Ex: Hear, high, history

Question 27

Fricatives

Answer 27

f, v, the, thin, s, z, jet, hand

Question 28

Affricates

Answer 28

church, jet, judge

Question 29

Nasals

Answer 29

n, ing

Question 30

Stop

Answer 30

pop, stop, prop