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Anatomy and Phys > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

tissues

A

groups of cells that in similar in structure and form a common function

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2
Q

epithelial tissue

A

covers every exposed body surface example skin lining of digestive system blood vessels respiratory

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3
Q

cellularity

A

closely packed cells with little intercellular material continuous sheets of cells

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4
Q

specialized contacts

A

cells fit close together by means of tight junctions

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5
Q

polarity

A

always have exposed surface and basal surface attached to another tissue. have cytoplasmic complaints unevenly distributed hence polarity

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6
Q

avascularity

A

no blood vessels get nutrients by diffusion or absorption but has a supply of nerve fibers

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7
Q

basal lamina

A

layer found next to the connective tissue

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8
Q

regenerations

A

cell division of epithelium is continuous and at a high rate

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9
Q

basement membrane

A

consisted of a layer closest to the epithelial and reticulum

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10
Q

cell shapes

A

squamous cuboidal and columnar

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11
Q

simple epithelia

A

single layer of cells

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12
Q

simple squamous

A

flat and scale like. absorption,secretion and filtration. little cytoplasm found. Ex Kidney heart blood vessels

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13
Q

simple cuboidal

A

wider taller single layer secretion/absorption in the kidney have microvelia, Ex glands etc

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14
Q

simple columnar

A

tall closely packed columnar shaped oval nuclei. absorption.secretion- elaborate golgi ap and ER. digestive tract dense microvilli and goblet cells for secretions. ciliated line overducts in the respiratory tract.

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15
Q

pseudo columnar

A

vary some are ciliated all found o the basement membrane

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16
Q

stratified epithelia

A

2 or more layers. major function is protection from abrasions

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17
Q

stratified squamous

A

external part of your skin. several layers squamous on surface, basal, cuboidal or even columnar. Found on tongue mouth and vagina

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18
Q

stratified cuboidal

A

very limited, sweat glands, large glands, 2 layers

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19
Q

stratified columnar

A

rare used for protection and secretion. stomach junctions pharynx male urethra

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20
Q

pseudostratified

A

one layer

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21
Q

transitional

A

lining in the urinary organs stretches (bladder) able to train it (like to hold your pee.

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22
Q

endothelium

A

simple squamous provide lining in circulator system

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23
Q

epithelial membrane

A

multicellular with at least 2 tissue types

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24
Q

mucus membrane

A

line body cavities opens to the exterior function in absorption and secretions. have lamina propria

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25
lamina propria
layer of connective tissue
26
cutaneous membrane
skin
27
serous membrane
ventral body cavities lined by mostly perxidel and visceral layers
28
gand
one or more cells that produce and secrete a particular product
29
endocrine gland
duct less glands that secrete hormones
30
exocrine glands
sweat glands, oils, salivary, secrete products into ducts mos numerous
31
unicelluar
no ducts mucin production in humans cells in intestines
32
mulitcelluar
2 major groups- simple (single and unbranched) compound (branching or divided)
33
tubular
ducts from tubes
34
alveolar
small and little sacs (lungs)
35
tubuloalveolar
both
36
merocrine
mostly exocrine done by exocytosis sweat gland and pancrease
37
holocrine
cell fills up and then burst sebaceous secretion
38
apocrine
apex fills up and pinches off and secretion is released
39
mixed exocrine
salivary glands example
40
serous gland
secretion that is watery
41
mucous gland
thicker mucin secretion
42
connective tissue
most abundant functions in binding support protect insulation and transportation. (blood is a connective tissue) arises from the mesoderm embryonic tissue. different degrees of vascularity some have non and some have a lot none to hit matrix composed of non living intercellular material.
43
ground substance
fluid fills space between cells contains fibers and functions as a filter
44
fibers
protein fibers collagen elastic and reticular fibers.
45
connective tissue proper
cell type fibroblast
46
cartilage
cell calle chondroblast
47
bone
osteoblast cell
48
blood
hemocytoblast (cell)
49
4 classes of connective tissue
proper, cartilage, bone, blood
50
loose (areolar)
semi fluid ground substance 3 fiber types fibroblast are most prominent. functions as a packing around organs providing cushing support epithelia surrounds blood vessels and nervous store lipids
51
loose (adipose)
large number of fat cells mostly cellular little matrix almost clear used for protect and insulation. Has slow heas loss but primary function is nutrient storage
52
loose (reticular)
many fibers and ground substance found in spleen lymph nodes and bone marrow
53
dense regular
closely packed fibers of collagen found in ligaments and tendons
54
dense irregular
irregular arrangement of collagen in skin dermis
55
dense elastic
elastic fibers and strethces
56
cartilage hyaline
see this everywhere gristle, most abundant provides support found in fetal skeleton
57
fibrocartilage
thick collagen found in interverable disc in knee cartilages
58
elastic cartilage
elastic fiber lie in your ear. epligadis
59
blood
a fluid connective tissue where cells are suspended in a watery matrix with dissolved proteins,
60
bone
calcified matrix functions support protection
61
mesenchyme
mesoderm leads to differentiation meaning go on to become what they are suppose to b.
62
muscle tissue
cells are elongated and highly celullar
63
3 types of muscle tissue
skeletal cardiac smooth
64
skeletal muscle
attached to bones, functions in movements, voluntarily
65
cardiac muscle
walls of the heart pumps blood invuluntairy
66
smooth muscle
hollow organs stomach bladder propel substance through the organs
67
nervous tissue
brain, spinal cord- regulates and controls body functions
68
neurons cells
generate and conduct impulses
69
nerogleo
not conducted support insulate and protect nuerons
70
tissue repair
inflammatory response occurs when tissue are injured
71
regineration
proliferate the same type of cell. age is a factor nutrition and health
72
fibrosis
proliferation of your fibrous connective tissue in in most tissue repair is going to involve both regeneration and fibrosis

Anatomy and Phys (5 decks)

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