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8th History > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the main economic activity in all colonies?

A

Farming, but farms in New England were smaller than those in the south due to long winters and thin, rocky soil

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2
Q

What is subsistence farming?

A

Producing just enough food

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3
Q

What is commercial agriculture?

A

When large amounts of crops are produced to make profit

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4
Q

Why did New England farmers practice subsistence farming?

A

Long winters and thin,rocky soil

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5
Q

What were the two main industries of the New England colonies?

A

Ship building and fishing

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6
Q

What is the triangular trade?

A

Triangular trade between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies

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7
Q

What was the name of the slave transporting leg of the Triangular Trade?

A

The middle passage

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8
Q

Where was the hub of the shipping trade in America?

A

New England

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9
Q

What is a cash crop?

A

Crops that could be sold in markets

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10
Q

What were the two main cash crops of the Middle Colonies?

A

Wheat and Oates

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11
Q

Which colonial region was known for its diverse population of German and Scotch-Irish citizens?

A

Middle Colonies

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12
Q

What was the main cash crop in Virginia and Maryland?

A

Tobacco

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13
Q

What was the main cash crop in Georgia and South Carolina?

A

Rice

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14
Q

What did rice and tobacco have in common (why slaves were used to harvest them)?

A

Both were labor intensive, so slavery increased

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15
Q

What is supply and demand?

A

Controls prices of item. Supply increase, demand decreases. (Vice versa)

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16
Q

What were the strict rules governing the behavior and punishment of slaves in the colonies?

A

Slave codes. Couldn’t leave, whipped for minor offenses.

17
Q

How did England view the colonies economically?

A

Economic resource. Way to make money

18
Q

How do you make money on trade?

A

Export more than import. Trade grows, power grows

19
Q

What was important about the Navigation Acts?

A

Insured that England made money off of colonial trade by restricting trade.

20
Q

What established a limited government in the 13th century and inspired the US Constitution?

A

Magna Carta

21
Q

Who was allowed to vote in the mid 1700’s in the colonies?

A

White men who owned property, but not all free men could vote

22
Q

What was the religious revival that swept through the colonies?

A

Great Awakening

23
Q

What was the Enlightenment?

A

Belief, knowledge, and reason could improve society. Benjamin Franklin most inspired.

24
Q

What was the name of the book Benjamin Franklin wrote after being inspired by the Enlightenment?

A

Poor Richard’s Almanak

25
Q

Who was the newspaper publisher that was charged with a crime for accusing the governor of New York of being
corrupt?

A

John Peter Zenger

26
Q

The John Peter Zenger Trial dealt with what personal liberty?

A

Freedom of Press

27
Q

Where is the land area that the British and French fought over because of the fur trade?

A

Ohio River Valley

28
Q

What was the most powerful group of Native Americans in the East?

A

Iroquois Confederacy

29
Q

Who was sent to tell the French to leave the Ohio River Valley and struck the first blow against the French?

A

George Washington

30
Q

What is a militia?

A

Group of citizens trained to fight in emergencies

31
Q

What did the Albany Plan of Union want to do?

A

One general governor for the 13 colonies

32
Q

What was the name of the political cartoon that encouraged the colonies to approve the Albany Plan of Union?

A

“Join or Die”

33
Q

What was the name of the war between the French and British in Europe?

A

The Seven Years War

34
Q

What is the name of the fort that the Cherokee burned down in modern day Tennessee?

A

Fort Loudoun

35
Q

What was the most important victory for the British in the F&I War?

A

Battle of Quebec

36
Q

What did the Treaty of Paris 1763 do?

A

Ends the French and Indiana War. End of power for French in North America. Spain traded Florida for Louisiana to Great Britain.

37
Q

Who was the Ottawa chief who believed the British were threatening their way of life?

A

Pontiac

38
Q

What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?

A

Halted western expansions of settlers west of Appalachian Mountains to appease Native Americans.

39
Q

Why were many colonists upset over the Proclamation of 1763?

A

Some had already bought land there, and Britain ignored their claims.

8th History (17 decks)

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