Chapter 4

Question 1

Sovereignty

Answer 1

The quality of having independent authority over a geographic area

Question 2

Police powers

Answer 2

State regulatory powers, may be exercised to promise the public order, health, safety, morals and general welfare

Question 3

Privileges and immunities clause

Answer 3

Requires states not to discriminate against on anothers citizens. A citizen of one state can not be treated like an alien in another state. May not be denied legal protection, access to courts, travel rights, and property rights

Question 4

Full faith and credit clause

Answer 4

Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. The Clause ensures that rights established under deeds, wills, contracts, and the like in one state will be honored by the other states and that any judicial decision with respect to such property rights will be honored and enforced in all states

Ex: same sex marriage

Question 5

Checks and balances

Answer 5

The system by which each of the three branches of the national government exercise checks on the powers of the other branches

Question 6

Commerce clause

Answer 6

The provision in article 1, section 8 of the constitution that gives congress the power to regulate interstate commerce

Question 7

Supremacy clause

Answer 7

The constitution, laws, and treaties are the supreme law of the land. Under this clause, state and local laws that directly conflict with federal law will be rendered invalid

Question 8

Preemption

Answer 8

A doctrine under which certain federal laws preempt, or take precedence over conflicting state or local laws

Question 9

Bill of rights

Answer 9

The first 10 amendments

Question 10

Symbolic speech

Answer 10

Nonverbal conduct that expresses opinions or thoughts about a subject, protected under first amendment

Question 11

Unprotected speech

Answer 11

Obscene speech
Online obscenity
Virtual pornography

Question 12

Establishment clause

Answer 12

The provision in the first amendment to the US constitution that prohibits congress from creating any law “respecting an establishment of religion”

Question 13

Free exercise clause

Answer 13

The provision in the first amendment that prohibits congress from making any law “prohibiting the free exercise” of religion

Question 14

Search warrant

Answer 14

An order granted by a public authority, such as a judge, that authorizes law enforcement personnel to search particular premises or property.

Question 15

Probable cause

Answer 15

Reasonable grounds to believe the existence of facts warranting certain actions, such as the search or arrest of a person

Question 16

Due process clause

Answer 16

Guarantee that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.

Question 17

Equal protection clause

Answer 17

Guaranteed no state will “deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws”. This clause mandates that state governments treat similarly situated individuals in a similar manner

Question 18

Federal form of government

Answer 18

A system of government in which the states form a union and the sovereign power is divided between a central government and the member states

Question 19

Dormant commerce clause

Answer 19

The states have to defer to the Feds

Question 20

First amendment

Answer 20

Freedom of religion, speech, press, peacefully assemble, to petition the government

Question 21

2nd amendment

Answer 21

Right to bear arms

Question 22

4th amendment

Answer 22

Unreasonable search and seizures

Question 23

5th amendment

Answer 23

Fair payment of property taken for gov use (eminent domain)

Question 24

6th amendment

Answer 24

Right to counsel and a speedy trial

Question 25

14th amendment

Answer 25

Imposes the first 10 amendments onto the states

Question 26

3 levels of equal protection

Answer 26

Strict scrutiny
Intermediate scrutiny
Rational basis

Question 27

Patriot act

Answer 27

Powers the gov. Agencies to finance missions where the US might be subject to some kind of attack.