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TIMOTHY Earth Science Timothy > chapter 4 > Flashcards

chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

what electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength

A

x-rays

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2
Q

which electromagnetic wavelengths can the human eye detect

A

orange light

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3
Q

what is the sun mostly composed of

A

hydrogen

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4
Q

what matter does the sun’s surface exist in

A

plasma

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5
Q

what are seething convective cells on the sun’s surface called

A

granules

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6
Q

what are severe solar storms that can disrupt telecommunications on Earth called

A

solar flares

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7
Q

solar wind is composed mostly of what high speed particles called

A

protons and electrons

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8
Q

is the temperature of the corona higher of lower that the temperature of the photosphere

A

higher

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9
Q

in what part of the sun are thermonuclear reactions believed to occur

A

core

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10
Q

what is the main use of solar energy at this time

A

the heating of homes and businesses

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11
Q

what is the sun called in Scriptures

A

the greater light to rule the day

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12
Q

what is a small percentage of the sun’s energy is in the form of neutral subatomic particles called

A

neutrinos

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13
Q

what grating is used in spectroscopes that produces a spectrum much like that of a prism

A

diffraction

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14
Q

what do the movement of sunspots indicate that the sun is doing what on its axis

A

rotating

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15
Q

is the temperature of the sunspot cooler or hotter than that of the regions on the photosphere that surround them

A

cooler

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16
Q

on average, a maximum number of sunspots occur every how many years

A

11

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17
Q

what is the layer of ionized particles in the earth’s atmosphere caused by solar wind called

A

ionosphere

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18
Q

what is an instrument that astronomers use to produce an artifical solar eclipse when observing the sun’s atmosphere

A

coronograph

19
Q

what are streams of plasma material that rise up into and descend from the sun’s corona

A

prominences

20
Q

in which of the sun’s zone, hot plasma rises to the surface , cools and descends into the sun’s interior again

A

convective zone

21
Q

which cells are semi conductor devices used to produce electricity from sunlight

A

photovoltaic cells

22
Q

what does the moon appear to be as large as the sun when viewed from the earth

A

the moon is smaller but closer

23
Q

how do rainbows demonstrate that sunlight is composed of wavelengths from the entire visible electromagnetic spectrum

A

Each raindrop acts as a tiny prism refracting light

24
Q

what evidence of the biblical principles that the heavens are “waxing like an old garment” is seen in the sun

A

the sun is loosing matter

25
Q

what is the distance from the sun to the earth

A

150 million km/93 million miles

26
Q

the diameter of the sun

A

1.4 million km

27
Q

what is he distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next wave

A

wavelength

28
Q

what is the astronomer’s tool that identifies chemical elements in an incandescent light source

A

spectroscope

29
Q

what is the most abundant element in the sun

A

hydrogen

30
Q

what is the element that was discovered in the sun

A

helium

31
Q

where is the sun located

A

on one of the spiral arms of the Milky Way galaxy

32
Q

what state is nearly all of the matter is the solar system

A

plasma

33
Q

what speed do neutrinos travel

A

speed of light

34
Q

what form does radiated energy of the sun travel in

A

electromagnetic waves

35
Q

how long do sun spots usually last

A

days or weeks

36
Q

what is one advantage of solar energy

A

freely available

37
Q

what is the visible surface of the sun called

A

photosphere

38
Q

what are the dark areas on the surface of the sun called

A

sunspots

39
Q

what is the outer portion of a sunspot called

A

prenumbra

40
Q

what is the darker inner portion of a sunspot called

A

umbra

41
Q

what is a particularly violent event also known as a coronal mass ejection

A

radiative zone

42
Q

what is the outer region of the sun’s atmosphere

A

chromosphere

43
Q

what are the pointed jets on the chromosphere called

A

spicules

TIMOTHY Earth Science Timothy (12 decks)

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