chapter 2

Question 1

who was the man who probably played the largest role in attempting to improve the geocentric theory

Answer 1

Ptolemy

Question 2

what are the main crystal spheres proposed in the geocentic theory called

Answer 2

deferents

Question 3

which astronomer who played a major role in the development of the heliocentric theory

Answer 3

copernicus

Question 4

which Christian astronomer who formulated three laws of planetary motion

Answer 4

Kepler

Question 5

who was the first person to use a telescope for astronomy

Answer 5

Galileo

Question 6

who was the English mathematician and scientist who formulated the law of universal gravitation was

Answer 6

Newton

Question 7

what is the force that holds planets in their orbit

Answer 7

gravity

Question 8

what is the earth’s movement around the sun called

Answer 8

revolution

Question 9

the most recent evidence that establishes that the earth moves and not the sun

Answer 9

direct observation

Question 10

what is the path that the sun appears to follow among the stars called

Answer 10

ecliptic

Question 11

what is the angle between the earth’s axis and a line perpendicular to the plan of its orbit is how many degrees

Answer 11

23 1/2

Question 12

the geocentric theory claims that what is at the center of the universe

Answer 12

earth

Question 13

according to the geocentric theory the explanation of a planet appearing close and the farther away from the earth was due to the fact that the earth was not directly in the center but was ___________

Answer 13

eccentric

Question 14

according to the heliocentric, what is the center of the solar system

Answer 14

the sun

Question 15

Johannes Kepler, a german astronomer, demonstrated that the orbits of the planet have what shape

Answer 15

elliptical

Question 16

which law was formed by Sir Isaac Newton to describe the force of attraction between the masses of objects

Answer 16

gravity

Question 17

the earth is flattened at the ______ and bulged at the ___________

Answer 17

poles

equator

Question 18

deflection of projectiles and the winds show that the earth is what

Answer 18

moving and rotates

Question 19

A Foucault pendulum would not be deflected at all if it were located where

Answer 19

equator

Question 20

the occurance of seasons could be used as evidence of the earth’s motion called

Answer 20

revolution

Question 21

a calendar based on the moon’s changes is called what

Answer 21

Lunar calendar

Question 22

what are the 2 physical factors that determine the force of gravity between two objects

Answer 22

mass

distance

Question 23

of all the planets, why are Jupiter and Saturn the most bulged at the equator

Answer 23

spin the fastest

Question 24

how was the earth’s rotation observed directly

Answer 24

astronauts

Question 25

how do day and night compare on the dates of the equinoxes

Answer 25

day and night have equal hours

Question 26

what is deferent

Answer 26

the crystal sphere on which a planet travels in the Ptolemaic

Question 27

what is eccentric

Answer 27

a circular path around an object located at a point other than the center of the circle

Question 28

what is elliptical orbits

Answer 28

Kepler’s major contribution to the Copernican theory

Question 29

what is epicycle

Answer 29

a modification to the geocentric theory to account for the temporary “Backward” movements of planets

Question 30

what is the solar system

Answer 30

the sun and all other heavenly bodies that revolve around it