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TIMOTHY Earth Science Timothy > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an ore?

A

An ore is A rock containing one or more minerals that are the source of elements or compounds important industry or agriculture

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2
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance composed of one kind of Adam, that is, Adam is having the same number of protons in their nuclei

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3
Q

What is a native mineral?

A

A native mineral contains only one kind of Adam and is therefore a pure element. Gold and silver are native minerals

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4
Q

What is a compound?

A

Atoms of several elements can combine to form a compound. Most minerals are compounds

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5
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A substance that contains several elements or compounds in varying proportions. For example, saltwater can have different amounts of salt and water but still be saltwater

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6
Q

What is a streak?

A

A streak is the color of a mineral’s powder

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7
Q

What is a streak plate?

A

A streak plate is a piece of unglazed porcelain. Rubbing the specimen on a streak plate produces a clear streak

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8
Q

What is Luster?

A

Luster is the quality and intensity of the light reflected from a mineral’s surface

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9
Q

What is accretion?

A

Crystals enlarge by adding particles to their structure on the exposed surfaces, a process called accretion

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10
Q

What is cleavage?

A

Cleavage is the characteristic of some minerals to separate in the flat sheets or a long certain planes.

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11
Q

What is fracture?

A

Send minerals do not show cleavage planes but seem to have some pattern in their breaking. This is the property of fracture

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12
Q

What is the hardness test?

A

A hardness test is a simple procedure which determines the ability of a mineral to withstand scratching and abrasion

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13
Q

What is the Mohs scale?

A

On the Mohs scale, minerals range from one which is very soft to 10 which is very hard

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14
Q

What is specific gravity?

A

Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water at 4°C

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15
Q

What is the flame test?

A

The flame test identifies some minerals that produce characteristic colors of flame or residue when they burn

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16
Q

What is an acid test?

A

Applying acid to carbonates sulfides and sulfites produces fizzing and bubbles. Reactions can be used to identify the minerals

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17
Q

What is magnetism?

A

Some minerals can be picked up by magnets, and also some of them are strong enough to pick up small pieces of iron

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18
Q

What is a lodestone?

A

The compass was developed during the 12th-century. Because magnetite could be using a Compass, it was called lodestone

19
Q

What is radioactivity?

A

Minerals are radioactive if their atomic nuclei change by giving of particles and rays.

20
Q

What is luminescence?

A

Some minerals glow when their place under ultraviolet light. This glow is called luminescence. They produce the school by absorbing invisible ultraviolet light and giving off visible light

21
Q

What does fluorescent mean?

A

Minerals that he meant light while absorbing radiation from another source are fluorescent

22
Q

What does phosphorescent mean?

A

Some minerals emit light not only when they are illuminated but also after the light sources removed. Such minerals are phosphorescent

23
Q

What is refraction?

A

All transparent minerals bend light as it passes through them and the amount of bending can be used to identify the minerals. This bending is called refraction.

24
Q

What is double refraction?

A

A few trans parent mineral show double refraction. They produce a double image as light passes through then

25
Q

What is polarization?

A

Many mineral crystals can bend light in another way. If a white wave is filtered so that it vibrates in only One Direction, a process known as polarization, these minerals can rotate the polarized light entering them to a different angle

26
Q

What is a mineral?

A

A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition

27
Q

Gold

A

One of the densest made of minerals, having a specific gravity of about 19.

28
Q

Placer deposits

A

The stream deposits were eroded gold or other minerals are found are called placer deposits

29
Q

Panning

A

Panning for gold washes away the lighter materials and exposes the gold nuggets, the larger pieces of gold

30
Q

Sluicing

A

Sluicing involves washing settlement so that the flecks of gold collect behind crossbars in a trough called a sluice

31
Q

Dredging

A

Dredging can separate the metal from thousands of cubic yards of sand and gravel

32
Q

Silver

A

Silver has a specific gravity of 10.5 and a color and straight of silver – white. Because silver is more common than gold, it is less valuable. Silver conducts electricity better than any other metal. It is also used in photographic film and for mirrors

33
Q

Copper

A

Copper occurs in your regular masses sheets and twisted strands. Copper conducts heat and electricity well. It is used in electrical wiring and in cookware refrigeration pipes and other places where heat conduction is important

34
Q

Platinum

A

Platinum has a specific gravity of 21.5 which makes it denser than gold. It is also more valuable than gold. It was named platina from the Spanish word for silver, Plata

35
Q

Diamond

A

Diamond is a native mineral composed of pure in organic carbon. Diamond is the hardest known mineral, has a perfect cleavage and it has a greasy luster before it is cut

36
Q

Diamond pipes

A

Round vertical columns of formally molten rock. Diamonds are usually found in diamond pipes

37
Q

Carat

A

Unit of weight for Gems

38
Q

sulfur

A

Sulfur is identified by it’s yellow color in conchoidal fracture

39
Q

Frasch process

A

In this process superheated water is pumped down to the sulfur deposit and compressed air forces the mouth and sulfur up through another pipe to the surface

40
Q

Silicate

A

The most abundant class of minerals is the silicates. They make up about 25% of all known minerals and about 40% of common ores. More than 90% of the Earth’s crust consists of silicate

41
Q

Oxides

A

Sides or non-silicates composed of oxygen and some other element, usually a metal. Many mineral oxides are important economically because they are the cheif source of important metals

42
Q

Sulfides

A

Mineral sulfides are composed of one or more metals and sulfur.

43
Q

Carbonates

A

Carbonates or minerals containing a metal ion in the carbonate ion. A carbonate ions contains a carbon and three oxygen Adams that combines with metals easily

TIMOTHY Earth Science Timothy (12 decks)

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