Chapter 4

Question 0

Nuclear membrane

Answer 0

Membrane that surrounds the nucleus (DNA)

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Large structure inside the cell that contains the DNA

Question 2

Nucleolus

Answer 2

Large dark structure within the nucleus

Question 3

Ribosomes

Answer 3

Where proteins are assembled

Question 4

Golgi apparatus (bodies)

Answer 4

Aids in substance synthesis and packages product cells make, in vesicles

Question 5

Plasma membrane

Answer 5

A protein and lipid bilayer that surrounds the cell and controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 6

Mitochondrion

Answer 6

Produces energy

Question 7

Cytoskeleton

Answer 7

Gives the cell structure

Question 8

Peroxisome

Answer 8

Help cells destroy hydrogen peroxide

Question 9

Lysosome

Answer 9

Contain enzymes that digest things. Used to destroy organisms of unwanted organelles or whole cells

Question 10

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

A transportation inside the cell, contains ribosomes on its surface

Question 11

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 11

A transportation inside the cell, without ribosomes

Question 12

Centriole (animal)

Answer 12

Helps with cell division

Question 13

Chloroplast (plants, some protists)

Answer 13

Where photosynthesis occurs

Question 14

Cell wall (plants, fungi)

Answer 14

Provides structure for the plant

Question 15

Flagella

Answer 15

Long whiplike tail used for movement

Question 16

Cilia

Answer 16

Short hairlike structures that move things

Question 17

Permeable

Answer 17

Allows things to pass through

Question 18

Impermeable

Answer 18

Won’t allow things to pass through

Question 19

Semi-permeable

Answer 19

Allows only certain materials to pass

Question 20

Diffusion

Answer 20

Movement of substances from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration

Question 21

Osmosis

Answer 21

The movement of water across membranes from higher to lower concentration

Question 22

Hypertonic

Answer 22

The solute concentration is higher outside the cell than inside

Question 23

Hypotonic

Answer 23

The solute concentration is lower outside than inside

Question 24

Isotonic

Answer 24

The solute concentration balanced inside and outside

Question 25

Passive transport

Answer 25

The movement of substances by diffusion into or out of a cell, without cellular energy required

Question 26

Active transport

Answer 26

Movement of substances into or out of a cell by the use of cellular energy

Question 27

Homeostasis

Answer 27

To keep things in balance, staying the same

Question 28

What are 3 things that living things need to regulate

Answer 28

• body temperature
• blood sugar
• oxygen

Question 29

How do single cell organisms gain and get rid of certain materials?

Answer 29

Take in and put out across their membrane

Question 30

How do multi-cellular organisms gain and get rid of certain materials?

Answer 30

We use systems

Question 31

Structure of cell membranes

Answer 31

• carbs hold adjoining cells together= outer surface
• proteins help move things= scattered
• lipids protect the cell= outer surface

Question 32

Concentration of- hypotonic

                 - isotonic 
                 - hypertonic

Answer 32

• Lower outside than inside
• Same concentration
• Higher outside than inside

Question 33

Cytoplasm

Answer 33

The material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus