Chapter 4 152-160 Flashcards
What is IGMP
Internet group management protocol
What does IGMP do?
Ipv4 only, network layer & manages multicasting
what is multicasting?
transmission that allows one node to send data to a defined group of nodes
how is IGMP used
telecasting over the internet, video conferencing
how is IGMP different?
usually broadcast is node to node, IGMP is point to multipoint
What is ARP
address resolution protocol
what does ARP do?
network layer, Ipv4, gets the physical address of a host or node, Maps it and creates a data base that maps the address to the host IP address.
What’s the difference between dynamic ARP and static ARP
dynamic requests are when the ARP is not in the data base already, static are ones that are already found
How can ARP help troubleshoot?
get an ARP table, and find the id of machines who are trying to use the same IP
What is ICMP
internet control message protocol
What does ICMP do?
network layer protocol that reports back on the success or failure of data delivery
How is ICMPv6 different?
ICMPv6 combines ICMP, IGMP, and ARP
What are the two kinds of addresses a network has?
physical (MAC layer or hardware) and logical (network layer)
Where does a physical address come from?
it is assigned to the NIC (network interface card)
where do logical addresses come from?
logical is assigned but must follow rules
what is an IP address?
A unique 32 bit number
How is an IP address divided
4 sets of 8 bits separated by periods – four octets
what is binary and dotted decimal notation?
the most common way of showing an ip address. Binary is the 00100111
What is a subnet mask
the device’s mask, 32 bit number along with the IP tells the network which computer it is
Why do you need subnets?
make better use of the limited # of ip addresses
How is Ipv6 different than Ipv4?
V4= 4x8 bit fields for a total of 32 bits v6= 8 , 16 bit fields x 4 for a total of 128 bits
why is ipv6 better?
4billion x 4 billion x 4 billion more ip addresses
what can these better IP addresses be used for?
every device can have its own address for security
what is a unicast address?
a single interface on a device – one workstation
What is a multicast address?
one address represent multiple workstations
what is an anycast address?
not assigned to hosts or workstations, they search for all routers in an ISP, so that the message can go quicker
what is a format prefix?
attached the the beginning of each transmission saying what kind of address it is, unicast, multicast etc.
How do ISPs get ip addresses?
internet service providers are given ranges of IP from the government
why should you avoid assigning ip addresses manually?
human error might cause duplication
manually assigned ip addresses are called
static ip addresses
automatically assigned ip addresses are called
dynamic ip addresses
What is the most common way to create dynamic ip addresses?
DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol
