Chapter 4 Flashcards
How restitution works
court-imposed payments to victims of crime, generally made by offenders, as reimbursements for damages and/or losses.
Routine Activity Approach
Three key elements: Motivated offender, suitable target, absence of guardian.
Define Suitable Target
Something or someone of value to offenders in a criminal offence
Active Precipitation
Takes place when the victim literally provokes the victimization
Victim Compensation
Compensation programs include funding for counselling, injury compensation, lost wages, medical expenses, prescription drugs required, etc.
Victimology
The scientific study of crime victims and the victimization process
Victimogenesis
A term utilized to describe the contribution to victimization made by the background of a victim
Criminal Injuries Compensation Program
Was overhauled and no longer provides compensation awards but rather supports access to specific services for victims such as short-term counselling, home safety equipment, and temporary accommodations.
Who is responsible to request restitution
The victim
Who has to consider victim impact
Judges are expected to consider these effects in arriving at an appropriate sentence for the offender
Victim Bill of Rights
Establishes statutory rights to information, protection, participation, and seek restitution, and it ensures that a complaint process is in place for breaches of these rights by a federal department of agency
Current Services for Victims
Police- Based
Court Based
Victims and Corrections
System-Based
The development of PTSD
Studies examining phycological well-being of victims have concluded that criminal victimization can result in developing PTSD
Code of Hammurabai
An early set of laws established by the Babylonian king Hammurabai, who ruled the ancient city of Babylon from 1792 to 1750 BCE
Secondary Victimization
Social injuries that occur not as a direct result of a criminal act but through the response of social institutions and individuals to the victim
