Chapter 4 Flashcards
When was the Assembly of Notables in session?
Why was it called?
Feb-May 1787
To overcome political deadlock over calonnes financial reforms
What had Louis & Calonne hoped the Assembly would be but weren’t?
Why?
Docile
Members from 1st & 2nd estate
Clergy hostile to plans to tax church
Notables not convinced of severity of crisis
Why does the assembly turn in Calonne?
What does Calonne respond with?
Not convinced of severity of crisis so Calonne pointed out necker’s inconsistencies in his 1781 budget statement
Necker responded with published attack on Calonne
Why did the notables distrust & uncooperative with Calonne?
Calonne published articles accusing Notables of self-indulgence getting in way of change
Untrue as many effected by englightenment
(After assembly had turned on Calonne after necker’s publishings)
When does Louis remove Calonne?
Who replaced Calonne?
April 1787
Brienne
What were brienne’s reform proposals based on?
What were they?
Predecessors
Supported spread of edu
Est central treasury
Extended tolerance to Protestants
Deregulated grain trade
What we’re briennes plans overshadowed by?
Need for money
When did Brienne’s attempts become futile?
As trust in gov broke down
What cry did the notables take up?
What did this cause?
No tax without representation & supported the idea of an Estates General
Louis dismissed assembly May 1787
What did Brienne resort to after the dismissal of the assembly in May 1787?
A loan
Turns to Parlements
How does the Paris Parlement not cooperate with Brienne?
Why?
Doesn’t endorse land tax or higher stamp duties
Number of notables in Paris Parlement
Who ‘spoke for the nation’?
When did this idea emerge?
The Parlements
After May 1787
When is the Paris Parlement banished?
Where to?
Why?
1787
Troyes
Refusal to pass brienne’s tax proposals
What is the banishment of the Paris Parlement seen as?
What does it cause?
Royal gov overextending itself & being illegal
Paris tools increase
When is the Paris Parlement recalled?
Why?
September 1787
Financial crisis
What was exchanged with Louis if he called an E-G?
When did he have to do this by?
Laws approving more loans forced through with lit de justice
1792
What is issued by Parlement in between the promising & calling of E-G?
What did this state?
When?
Fundamental laws of the people
Laws couldn’t be changed, even by royal demand, without E-G consent
May 1788
What did Louis respond to Parlements fundamental laws of the kingdom with?
May edicts 1788
Plans to remove palrement’s powers
New plenary court of notables, officials & magistrates, appointed by Louis
Number of judges in Paris p reduced
How are the May edicts passed?
What is parlement’s reaction?
What did this cause?
Lit de justice
Protests causing months of chaos
Complete breakdown of royal control
When was the revolt of the nobles?
May - Aug 1788
During the revolt of the nobles, what was royal court flooded with?
What did Paris p call for?
What consented emerged?
Remonstrance
End to lettres de cachet & imprisonment without trial
General will
Rule of law
What happened as royal authority collapsed during the revolt of the nobles?
Taxes unpayed
Confidence in gov disappeared
What was the famous rising that broke out during the revolt of the nobles?
Day of tiles
June
Grenoble
Royal troops arrived to restore order pelted with stones
Why was Louis forced to call the E-G for 1789?
August - France is bankrupt
Short term fixes but E-G necessary for long term improvement
Why was France bankrupt by august 1788?
Brienne suspended payments from royal treasury
Then short term loans dried up
When Brienne resigned in 1788 after France became bankrupt, who was he replaced by?
Who requested his resignation?
Necker on 25 august
Marie Antoinette
Before the start of the E-G what we’re the issues on procedures that were adopted?
Equal rep or 3rd estate have more deputies
Method of debate: estates meet Sep or as a single body
Voting by head or by estate (1 & 2 off vote same against 3 but each estate gets 1 vote)
Who became the fighters of the people & their rights leading up to the E-G?
Parlements —> new leaders
Enlightened nobles rather than 3rd estate members
When did the E-G last meet?
1614
When did the 3rd estate become politicised?
Months leading up to E-G
What did the society of 30 do?
How did they achieve this?
Who was a member?
When?
Encouraged 3rd estate to fight for rights
Through pamphlets & meetings
Lafayette (hero of American war)
Leading up to E-G
When did Louis & nobles let 3rd estate have double the rep in E-G?
Why was this useless?
Dec 1788, leading up to E-G
Didn’t change voting by estate to by head
What was the title of Sieyes’ pamphlet?
When was it published?
What did it state?
What is the 3rd estate
Jan 1789, leading up to E-G
3rd estate everything
Why was the economic situation bad before the E-C?
(Out of Louis control)
Poor harvest 1788
Unemployment increase as textile production halved
1789 Parisian workers spending 88% of wages on bread
What was produced for discussion in E-G by each estate?
Cahiers de doleances (list of grievances)
