Chapter 17 Flashcards
What happened on Dec 24 1800?
Napoleon assassination attempt
Wagon bearing a barrel filled with gunpowder ‘infernal machine’
52 people killed or wounded
What was the 1800 assassination attempt a sign of?
N not universally accepted
Needed to consolidate his power
What was the 1st plebiscite a response to?
What was it a vote for & on?
1800 assassination attempt
For people to ratify const of year VIII
What did the plebiscite show N was concerned about?
Who did it challenge?
Democratic process
Politicians spoken out against N 1st consul position
How did the plebiscite of 1800 almost backfire?
How was it saved?
Few electorate chose to vote (25%)
Lucien Bonaparte adjusted stats to suggest 46.26% voted, & 99.4% voted yes
How was Lucien Bonaparte able to adjust the stats of the 1800 plebiscite?
Made minister of the interior 1799
How did N assume a position that could be seen as like a ruler?
Moved into Tuileries palace
Coins minted with N effigy on them (some with laurel wreath = Roman symbol of supreme authority)
What parts of gov remained the same under N consulate?
What did this ensure?
System
Most civil servants continued their posts
Stability
Why were prefects established?
What did this show about N?
To strengthen central control
Responding to people & countries needs
What did N seek to repress under the consulate?
Potential or existing threats
Jacobins
Royalists
Liberalism
Criticisms
How did N repress Jacobinism?
Not tolerated
Spies infiltrated J groups
1801, 129 J leaders arrested & deported
What was the dagger conspiracy?
Nov 1800 jacobin assassination of N
what assassination were jacobins wrongly linked to?
Infernal machine
What did royalists want during the consulate?
N to take the throne
How did N repress Royalism?
Not welcome
Dealt firmly with revolt
Used prefects to report on incidents of trouble
Who was falsely linked to assassination conspiracies by the Spanish?
What 3 crimes was he accused of?
What did he admit to?
What happened to him?
Duc d’Enghien (Bourbon prince)
Bearing against republic
Receiving funds from eng
Plotting
First 2
Found guilty & shot
What can the dealing with the bourbon prince be considered as?
N repressing royalism
Why did N seek to repress liberals?
Critical of what they say as emerging dictatorship
How did N repress liberal individuals during the consulate?
1803
Banished Stäel & lover, Constant from Paris
She owned a salon forming the nucleus of a liberal resistance group
How were criticisms of N & his consulate controlled?
Press freedom
How did N win over potential opponents?
Amnesty to western rebels who gave supp
Bourgeoisie supp: extending voting rights, spoke of amalgame (end of social %), raillement (rallying ALL around regime)
Promise to protect Catholic religion
How was winning over potential opponents made easier?
Prospect of peace after 1802 peace of Amoirs with Britain (short lived)
What did N use success against Austria at Marengo, 1800, as?
Propaganda for military heroism
What did the Senate offer N in 1802?
What const incorporated this?
Consulship for life
Right to name heir
Const of year X
What was the const of year X issued in the interests of?
What was it accompanied by?
Stability, confidence & deterring enemies
Plebiscite: 50.55% voted, 99.76% voted yes
What position did the const of year XII give N?
What was it accompanied by?
Emperor as N refused kingship
Plebiscite: 99.3% voted yes
When was N & Josephine made emperor & empress?
Where?
What could the ceremony be described as?
2 Dec 1804
Notre dame cath
Pomp & splendour
Who was the ceremony in the presence of?
What was significant about this?
Pope
Didn’t crown N, N did
Why was there a const of year XII?
Response to public opp + advice of councillors
Resumption of war in 1803 revived fears of N death on battlefield
Which const reduced voting rights?
Const of year X
Const details ear aft coup of bruimare didn’t last long:
What bodies wishes were blocked?
What was filled with N supporters?
Which bodies meetings were ended in 1813?
When we’re senate, tribunale & leg body opponents removed?
What was abolished in 1810?
Tribunale & leg bodies
Senate
Leg body
Jan-March 1802
Tribunale
