Chapter 23: Blockade & Peninsular War Flashcards
Why did N create the continental blockade?
Abandoned plans to invade Britain
But still set against them & B a threat
Britain a trading nation so had resources to finance military coalition against empire
When was the continental blockade?
What was it?
From 1805
Nov 1806 Berlin decree forbade all empire states from buying Brit goods
Put Brit & overseas possessions in state of blockade
What was the Brit response to the Berlin decree 1806?
Orders in Council 1807
Did same but also:
Royal Navy blockade french ports
Supplies heading to France must stop at Brit port, checking for contraband
What was N response to the Orders of Council 1807?
1807 Milan decree
French warships to capture neutral ships coming from Neil ports
Any Brit ships searched liable to french capture
What were the consequences of the continental blockade for N?
One of N most unpopular policies
Tea, coffee, tobacco almost unattainable across Europe => uprisings
Added to N military engagements
Portugal refused
Tzar of Russia opted out
What was the consequence of Portugal refusing to partake in the continental blockade?
Forced N to enter Spain 1808 (Peninsular War) = Damaging
What was the consequence of Russia opting out of the continental blockade?
Damaged Russian trade
N invasion disaster 1812
What was the Peninsular War a fight for?
Franco-Spanish forces attempt to take Portugal
For long coastline allowing extension of continental blockade after Portugal refused
How was the Peninsular war going good for the Franco-Spanish at the start?
Took Lisbon in 1807
Portuguese royal family fled in December
Why did N force the abdication of the Spanish king?
When?
What was the kings name?
What did this cause?
N view of king worsened
March 1807
Charles IV
Franco-Spanish relations sour
When was the Battle of Bailén?
Who lost & what were the consequences of this?
July 1808
N lost
22,000 french surrender
French retreat & abandon much of Spain
Who fought against N at the battle of Bailén?
Spanish rebel resistance groups
Who is made king of Spain after Charles IV abdication?
When?
What is this a month after?
Joseph Bonaparte (brother)
Aug 1808
Battle of Bailén (N defeated)
Why does Spain re-ally with France in 1804?
When do the re-ally again?
For the Peninsular war
Aug 1808 after Charles abdication & battle of Bailén
When was the Battle of Vimioro?
Who defeated who?
What did this win the victors?
Aug 1808 after Joseph made king of Spain & franc re-allies with Spain
Brits with Duke of Wellington defeat Fr
Some Portuguese pots
When did N take command in Spain?
When did he enter Madrid?
With how many troops?
Nov 1808
5 Dec
80,000
Why was the Peninsular war long & drawn-out?
No N immediate victory as:
Not able to live if barren land
Supplies lines hard to maintain as peninsular is vast
What was N fighting tactic?
What was Spanish guerilla warfare?
Overwhelming numbers
Ruthless peasant bands
Supplies attacks & raids
By 1809, what parts of Spain are in French control?
Why is N forced to leave?
North Spain
January, Austrian campaign
During the peninsular war, why to the brits attempt to return home?
How do the french try to prevent their escape?
Who is killed?
Harsh 1809 winter
Force battle
Moore, commander of Brit forces
How do the British escape Spain?
What to they set up in Britain?
Alsace’s by navy
Series of forts made 1809-10 along eastern coast
How many french troops were given to the peninsular war?
What was it nicknamed?
1/4 million
Spanish Ulcer
How do the french loose the peninsular war?
1813
Defeat at Vitoria
Forced out of Madrid
Joseph (Spanish king) fled
After french defeat at Vitoria 1813, what do the brits do?
Invade France
Defeat french at Toulouse, 1814
