Chapter 4 Flashcards
body composition
fat and nonfat components of the body used to assess recommended body weight
percent body fat
proportional amount of fat in the body based on the person’s total weight. Includes both essential fat and storage fat
lean body mass
body weight without body fat
recommended body weight
body weight at which there seems to be no harm to human health
overweight
an excess amount of weight against a given standard around 20-25%
obesity
excessive body fat, usually over 30%
height and weight tables published first in
1912
essential fat
minimal amount of body fat needed for normal physiological functions.
men=3%
Women=12%
storage fat
body fat in excess of essential fat that is stored in adipose tissue
Fat serves three basic functions
- insulator to retain body heat
- energy substrate for metabolism
- padding against physical trauma to the body
techniques to assess body composition
6
dual-energy X-ray Absorptiomentry hydrostatic weighing air displacement skinfold thickness girth measurements bioelectrical impededance
dual-energy X-ray Absorptiomentry
Low dose of x-rays
cost prohibitive
+/- 3%
hydrostatic weighing
underwater technique
most accurate*** +/-.5%
air displacement
Bod pod
calculates body composition based on air replaced
+/-2..2%
skinfold thickness
measuring a double fold of skin thickness at various sites
+/-3.5%
skinfold measurement sites
Men: chest, abdomen, thigh
women: triceps, suprailium, thigh
girth measurements
technique of measuring circumferences at specific body sites+/-4%
bioelectrical impededance
by running a weak electrical current through the body
+/-10%
Body mass index
uses height and weight to estimate critical fat values at which risk for disease increases
android obesity
stores fat in trunk or abdominal area
APPLE
gynoid obesity
store fat primarily around the hips and thighs
PEAR
waist circumference
waist girth measurement to assess potential risk for disease based on intra-abdominal fat content
SEE
Standard error of estimate
