Chapter 4 Flashcards by Megan Simpson

The fatty pad to tissue that covers the pubic area in female anatomy

Mons Pubis

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Three theories as to why pubic hair exists

Dissapating volatile compounds
protective padding during intercourse
signaling sexual maturity

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Why do some choose to remove pubic hair

Feelings of cleanliness, more genitalia contact, hair getting caught in teeth

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A sensitive organ that is connected to the inside and outside of the vagina that is commonly the way females achieve orgasm

clitoris

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two parts of the clitoris

glans of the clitoris is a small knob at top of vulva, and the shaft cannot be seen along the sides of the inside and outside of the vagina

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Pads of fatty “lips” along the vulva that can grow pubic hair

Labia majora

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Folds of skin that sit along the vaginal opening that can have a lot of variations

labia minora

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A procedure that is performed to make the labia plumper, more symmetrical or smaller

labiaplasty

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When all exterior parts of the vulva are removed

Female genital mulilation

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The part of the vulva that surrounds the vaginal opening and is inside the labia minora

Vulvar vestibule

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Where pee comes out

urethral opening

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A thin tissue that covers the vaginal opening in some people, but it does not always.

hymen

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A surgery to replace or create a hymen

hymenoplasty

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A canal that extends into the body and connects to the cervix

Vagina

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A pair of small glands that are inside the labia minora with unknown purpose

bartholin glands

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Glands that are thought to be similar to the male prostate

skene’s glands

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A sensitive spot in the vagina whose existence is debatable. This sensitive area is thought to allow for female ejaculation when stimulated

G-spot

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Differences in female ejaculation

Not everyone has g-spot orgasms, squirts or ejaculates

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A muscular wall at the top of the vagina

cervix

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opening of the cervix

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part of the female reproductive system that holds the fetus and has endometrium that is shed during menstration

uterus

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A type of cell in the cervix that can develop into cancer

cervical dysplasia

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Part of the female reproductive system that is connected to the uterus via ___ and releases an egg every menstation cycle

ovaries and fallopian tubes

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A spongy organ with no bones that are the male sex organ

penis

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Removal of the foreskin from the penis

circumcision

What is the important difference between the corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum

the cavernosa is firm when filled with blood and the other is spongy

A loose pouch of skin that contains the testes and hangs under the penis

scrotum

Sacs that create the sperm can be asymmetrical and have a layer of muscle around them to keep the sperm warm

testes

Development pattern of the testes

They usually drop from the abdominal cavity into the scrotum in the last month before birth

The removal of testicals

castration

Long tubes in the testies where the sperm develops

seminiferous tubles

where the sperm matures

epididymis

Part that delivers the sperm to the urethra

vas deferens

Produces and distribuest the fluid portion of ejaculate

seminal vesicles

A gland that produces secretion for sperm to sit in and neutralizes the acitity of the vagina so it does not kill the sperm

prostate gland

Structures on either side of the urethra and below the prostates that secrete clear fluid when aroused to prepare the urethra for ejaculation

cowper's glands

Parts of the body that can result in sexual arousal

erogenous zones

A surgery that decreases the size of the breast due to them causing neck, shoulder and back pain

breast reduction

Area around the nipple

areola

5 steps of being breast aware in case of breast cancer

1. know how your breast usually feel and look 2. know changes to look for 3. feel for changes 4. report any changes 5. get a mammogram

Four beliefs from the Middle Ages

1. men and women have the same sexual anatomy, but men's are outside and female's are inside 2. Moving too suddenly can cause a women to become a man 3. sperm comes from the brain 4. the uterus can move around the body

when does sex differentiation occurs

week 6 to 7

What are the two gonadal primordial ducts

Wolffian duct and the Mullerian duct

What are the parts of the prenatal ducts

genital tubercle, genital folds, and genital swelling

What is the sry region on the genome

the part that determines biological sex

What does the presence of a y in the sry region

it causes MIF and DHT to be released which causes Müllerian duct to regress and the sex to be male

Does the different parts of the duct become in a biological female

Genital tubercle becomes clitoris Genital folds become labia minora Genital swelling becomes the labia majora

What does the different parts of the duct become in a biological male

Genital tubercle becomes the penis Genital folds become the shaft of the penis Genital swelling becomes the scrotum

Three possible things that public hair might do

trap pheromones, protect against friction. and signal sexual maturity

What are the pros of male circumsion

decrease chance of getting an sti, decreases chance of urinary tract infections during infancy, corrects inability to pull back foreskin, decrease chance of cancer

cons of male circumsion

trauma, procedure can risk shock, hemorrhage and penile mutilation

Sex characteristics you are born with

primary sexual characteristics

sex characteristics that develop after puberty

secondary sex characteristics

how big is the internal clitoris?

10 cm

What is the interior and exterior clitoris called?

interior is the shaft and exterior is glands

how long is the vagina?

7.5 to 12 cm when not aroused and can extend 5 to 7 cm when aroused

What are the three layers of the vagina

mucosa, muscularis and adventitia (fibrous)

What is the g-spot?

skene's gland and their ducts

What are the three layers of the uterus?

endometrium, myometrium and preatrium

What is the A-spot?

anterior fornix by the cervix

What is the root of the penis?

Attaches the penis to the pelvic bone

Two caverns in the penis that fill with blood and cause the penis to stiffen

corpus cavernosa

one cavern around the urethra that prevents the urethra from being cut off during arousal

corpus spongiosum

the outer layer of the testes that can contract to keep sperm at ideal temperature

scrotum

Suspends the testes

spermatic cord

part inside the testes where sperm is first produced

seminiferous tubules

carries sperm to be ejected

vas deferens

creates a sugary substance for the sperm to live in

seminal vesicles

Where pre-ejaculate comes from

Cowper's gland

a spot bellow the bladder that maintains the sperm environment

prostate gland