Chapter 13 Flashcards
to whom you are sexually attracted to
sexual attraction
to whom you have sex with
sexual behaviour
how you chose to label your sexuality
identity
outward appearance and behaviours
gender expression
an umbrella term used to describe any sex traits that are not part of the binary definition of male or female
intersex
Why do interventions to change a child’s genitals as an infant cause problems?
creates a lot of confusion for the child because they may not feel comfortable in the identity their parents chose for them and creates stigma around intersex people.
Terminology used to identify genders
gender modality
An umbrella term for indigenous queer expressions that depends on the nation and the role in society
2 spirt
Why is it difficult to categorize individuals under the 2S/LGBTQ umbrella?
Because there are many different types of people who are generalized into one category which can make it difficult to solve and identify problems that effect specific sub groups
Why is the born this way argument invalid?
does not allow sexuality and gender to be fluid, can be used to invalidate experiences, can be used as an argument to change people
What do 2S/LGBTQ experience as disparities in health?
higher rates of depression, anxiety, suicide, and alcohol dependence
The period of time of how long it takes from first exposure to the illness presenting it’s self
induction period
Why is when the laws and interventions put into place for 2S/LGBTQ not changing dispartities?
because the stage of susceptibility is earlier then the interventions and by the time the interventions were put in place many people already had the problems.
Why is stigma a continuing problem for disparities in the health care system?
when an effort or program to erase stigma is put in place, a new mechanism is also created for those better off.
What has created stigma around 2S/LGBTQ people?
believing that 2S/LGBTQ had a mental disorder
What did Evelyn Hooker conduct a study on in 1957?
interviewed gay men and heterosexual men and had them do various personality and intelligence tests. She compiled the data and sent it to “sexual orientation illness” experts and they could not tell who was the gay men and who was the heterosexual men.
What was Virginia Brooks’ theory?
minority stress
Who did Virginia brooks study?
lesbian and thermo sexual women
What is the progression of minority stress?
- Social stigma
- Additional stressors related to social stigma build up
- Stressors cause internalization
- unhealthy coping mechanisms
- suicide attempt
Issues with the minority stress theory
Social stigma is not the only factor that causes stress
What is the major factor that minority stress does not account for?
loneliness
Ongoing verbal, behavioural and effective exchanges between partners over time
relationship communication
four negative communication styles between partners
criticism, contempt, defensiveness, stonewalling
attacking partner’s character
criticism
insulting a partner
contempt
denying responsibility or making excuses
defensiveness
refusing to communicate
stonewalling
interactions with others involving sexual matters
sexual communication
What factors effect sexual communication?
how much it was discussed in childhood, feelings of shame or guilt, fear of differences, embarisment of lack of experience, individual expectations not met, raised in a religious home, and belief that emotional intimacy is more important then sexual intimacy
how much of communication is non verbal
60%
Skills to better communicate about sex
good listening skills, appropriate timing of conversation, non-judgemental language, use I statements
