Chapter 4 Flashcards
Volume measurements are needed for which two categories of pay items?
Earthwork - such as burrow excavation and subsoil excavation
Concrete - the various classes of concrete used in bridges and other structures.
What is the pay item unit of measurement for volume?
Cubic yard (CY)
How many cubic feet does 1 cubic yard equal?
27 cubic feet
What are the two different methods of measurement Earthwork can utilize?
The use of cross sections and the use of truck measurements.
What is the common method of determining volumes from cross sections?
Average end area
What is the formula for average end area?
Volume (ft cubed) = ( Area 1 (ft squared) + Area 2 (ft squared) / 2) x Length (ft)
What is the formula used to measure volume?
Volume = Length x Width x Height
What is the formula used to measure the volume of trapezoidal solids?
V= a+b/2 x HW
What is the formula used to measure the volume of a cone solid?
V = pi R squared x H/3
What is the formula used to measure the volume of a cylindrical solid?
V = pi R squared x H
What is the prismoidal formula used to measure the volume of an odd irregular shape?
V = (A1 + A2 + 4Am)/ 6 x H
What does A1, A2 and Am mean in the prismoidal formula?
A1 and A2 correspond to the end areas of the object. Am corresponds to the cross sectional area located in the middle of the object.