Chapter 39: Alterations of Digestive Function Flashcards
During vomiting there is:
a. forceful diaphragm and abdominal muscle contractions, airway closure, esophageal sphincter relaxation, and deep inspiration.
b. deep inspirations, airway closure, forceful diaphragm, and abdominal muscle contractions, and esophageal sphincter relaxation.
c. airway closure, forceful diaphragm and abdominal muscle contractions, deep inspiration, and esophageal sphincter relaxation.
d. esophageal sphincter relaxation, forceful diaphragm and abdominal muscles contraction, deep inspiration, and airway closure.
b. deep inspirations, airway closure, forceful diaphragm, and abdominal muscle contractions, and esophageal sphincter relaxation
Achalasia:
a. manifests as regurgitation of chyme
b. has denervation of smooth muscle in the esophagus
c. occurs in response to sedentary lifestyle
d. results in esophageal sphincter relaxation
b. has denervation of smooth muscle in the esophagus
Osmotic diarrhea is caused by:
a. nonabsorbable intestinal contents
b. bacterial enterotoxins
c. ulcerative colitis
d. Crohn disease
a. nonabsorbable intestinal contents
Melena is:
a. bloody vomitus
b. gaseous bowel distention
c. blood in stool
d. loss of appetite
e. black tarry stools
e. black tarry stools
A common manifestation of a hiatal hernia is:
a. gastroesophageal reflux
b. diarrhea
c. belching
d. vomitus without bile
a. gastroesophageal reflux
Gastroesophageal reflux is:
a. caused by rapid gastric emptying
b. excessive lower esophageal sphincter functioning
c. associated with abdominal surgery
d. caused by lower esophageal sphincter incompetence
d. caused by lower esophageal sphincter incompetence
Intestinal obstruction causes:
a. decrease intraluminal tension
b. hyperkalemia
c. decreased nutrition absorption
d. epigastric fullness
c. decreased nutrition absorption
Peptic ulcers may be caused by:
a. nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
b. H. pylori
c. habitual alcohols consumption
d. mucus secretion
e. a, b, and c are correct
e. a, b, and c are correct
Gastric ulcers:
a. may lead to malignancy
b. occur at a younger age than duodenal ulcers
c. always have increased acid production
d. exhibit nocturnal pain
e. both a and c are correct
a. may lead to malignancy
Duodenal ulcers:
a. occur four times more frequently in females than in males
b. may be complicated by hemorrhage
c. are associated with sepsis
d. may cause inflammation and scar tissue formation around the sphincter of Oddi
b. may be complicated by hemorrhage
In malabsorption syndrome, flatulence and abdominal distention are likely caused by:
a. protein deficiency and electrolyte deficiency imbalance
b. undigested lactose fermentation by bacteria
c. fat irrigating the bowel
d. impaired absorption of amino acids and accompanying edema
b. undigested lactose fermentation by bacteria
The characteristics lesion of Crohn disease is :
a. found in the colon
b. precancerous
c. granulomatous
d. malignant
c. granulomatous
Which gene is often associated with digestive system caners?
a. K-ras
b. p53
c. p16
d. APC
b. p53
A 14 year old boy has been admitted to the emergency department with acute-onset abdominal pain in the lower right quadrant. Abdominal rebound tenderness is intense, and he has a fever and leukocytosis. This individual most likely has:
a. acute appendicitis
b. diverticulitis
c. ulcerative colitis
d. cholelithiasis
e. cholecystitis
a. acute appendicitis
The control of appetite and body is influenced by many different hormones, Leptin:
a. decreases the appetite
b. stimulated NPY/AGRP neurons
c. stimulates appetite
d. sets the hypothalamus thermostat
a. decrease the appetite
Short-term starvation involves:
a. glycogenolysis
b. gluconeogenesis
c. proteolysis
d. both a and b are correct
e. a, b, and c are correct
d. both a and b are correct
The most common manifestation of portal hypertension is :
a. rectal bleeding
b. cirrhosis
c. intestinal bleeding
d. duodenal bleeding
e. vomiting of blood from esophageal bleeding
e. vomiting of blood from esophageal bleeding
Hepatic encephalopathy is manifested by
a. ascites
b. splenomegaly
c. dark urine
d. oliguria
e. cerebral dysfunction
e. cerebral dysfunction
Acute occlusion of mesenteric artery blood results from:
a. dissecting aortic aneurysms
b. chronic segmental ischemia
c. arteriosclerosis
d. necrosis and intestinal tissue
a. dissecting aortic aneurysms