Chapter 37: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children Flashcards
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis in children:
a. is a post infectious renal disease
b. causes hypotension
c. causes dehydration
d. both B & C are correct
a. is a post infectious renal disease
infants cannot concentrate urine because of:
a. shorter tubular length
b. increase tubular weight
c. increased blood flow to the kidneys
d. both a & c are correct
e. a, b, c are correct
d. both a & c are correct
vesicoureteral reflux causes urine to ____ up the ureters and places the young child at risk for ______
a. retrograde, glomerulonephritis
b. regrade, nephrotic syndrome
c. retrograde, pyelonephritis
d. regrade, cystitis
c. retrograde, pyelonephritis
IgA nephropathy:
a. occurs in the presence of other systemic immunologic disease
b. has no other immunoglobulin present
c. damages the glomerulus irreversibly
d. manifests as recurrent gross hematuria
d. manifests as recurrent gross hematuria
organic causes of enuresis may include:
a. congenital abnormalities of the urinary tract
b. a neurologic origin
c. diabetes insipidus
d. all of the above are correct
d. all of the above are correct
which clinical manifestations suggests hemolytic uremic syndrome?
a. polyuria
b. pallor and bruising
c. hypotension
d. all of the above are correct
b. pallor and bruising
childhood urinary tract infection results from:
a. bacteria ascending up the ureter in cystitis
b. bacteria ascending up the urethra in pyelonephritis
c. detrusor muscle hypoactivity
d. a pathogenic strain of e. coli
d. a pathogenic strain of e. coli
wilms tumor is characterized by:
a. hypotension
b. diagnosis in early teens
c. loss or inactivation of both copies of Wilms tumor suppressor genes
d. transmission in an autosomal recessive fashion for inherited cases
c. loss or inactivation of both copies of Wilms tumor suppressor genes
childhood nephrotic syndrome is characterized by
a. having peak incidence during the teen years
b. increased glomerular permeability to protein
c. hypolipidemia
d. injured renal interstitial tissue
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b. increased glomerular permeability to protein
1. Which of the following is NOT a complication of the horseshoe kidney? A. Hydronephrosis B. Hypospadias C. Infection D. Stone formation
B. Hypospadias
2. A 2-month-old male infant presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal surface of the penis. Which of the following is the correct name for this anomaly? A. Hypospadias B. Epispadias C. Exstrophy D. Ureteropelvic junction
B. Epispadias
3. A person is born with abnormal differentiation of renal tissues. Which of the following medical terms describes this condition? A. Renal aplasia B. Hypoplastic kidney C. Renal dysplasia D. Renal agenesis
C. Renal dysplasia
4. A person presents with wide-set eyes, “parrot beak” nose, low-set ears, and receding chin. What is the renal manifestation associated with this presentation? A. Potter syndrome B. Polycystic kidney disease C. Minimal change neuropathy D. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
A. Potter syndrome
- A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis. Which of the following is TRUE regarding acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis?
A. Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B. The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C. There is decreased vascular permeability.
D. There are no signs of inflammation.
B. The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
6. An individual presents with hematuria, proteinuria, and abdominal pain. There are also skin lesions. Which of the following diseases does this represent? A. Henoch-Schönlein purpura B. Hemolytic uremic syndrome C. Primary nephrotic syndrome D. Minimal change nephropathy
A. Henoch-Schönlein purpura
