chapter 38

Question 1

What are the ways that wounds can occur?

Answer 1

trauma
burns
surgery
pressure

Question 2

Tissue injury without breaking skin

Answer 2

Contusion (bruise)-

Question 3

Tissue injury that damages a blood vessel, pooling of blood under unbroken skin

Answer 3

Hematoma

Question 4

Wrenching or twisting of a joint with partial rupture of its ligaments.

Causes swelling

Answer 4

Sprain

Question 5

type of closed wound

Answer 5

contusion
hematoma
sprain

Question 6

Surgically made separation of tissue with clean, smooth edges

Answer 6

Incision

Question 7

Traumatic separation of tissues with irregular, torn edges

Answer 7

Laceration

Question 8

Traumatic scraping away of surface layers of skin

Answer 8

Abrasion

Question 9

Wound made by sharp, pointed object through skin or mucous membranes and underlying tissue

Answer 9

Puncture

Question 10

Variable-size open wound through skin and underlying tissues made by bullet or metal or wood fragment

Answer 10

Penetrating

Question 11

Tearing away of structure or a part, such as a fingertip, accidentally or surgically

Answer 11

Avulsion

Question 12

Excavation of skin and/or underlying tissue from injury or necrosis

Answer 12

Ulceration

Question 13

Death or injury to cells

Answer 13

Necrosis

Question 14

open wound

Answer 14

Incision

Laceration

Abrasion

Puncture

Penetrating

Avulsion

Ulceration

Necrosis

Question 15

Superficial

wounds heal more quickly

new skin cells are produced by the epithelial cells that remain in dermal layer of skin

Answer 15

partial thickness wound

Question 16

dermal layer no longer present

granulation tissue fills in defect

wound heals by contraction

Answer 16

full thickness

Question 17

internal organ or body cavity tissue opened, usually because of infection or penetrating wound

Answer 17

perforation

Question 18

tissue significantly disrupted or compressed because of high level of force being applied

Answer 18

crush

Question 19

the phases of wound healing are

Answer 19

inflammation

proliferation

maturation

Question 20

is a localized protective response brought on by injury or destruction of tissues

Answer 20

inflammation

Question 21

Phase begins IMMEDIATELY AFTER INJURY

last approximately 3 or 4 days

Answer 21

inflammation

Question 22

it includes constriction of blood vessel

platelet aggregation

and formation of fibrin

Answer 22

inflammation

Question 23

hemostasis occurs in what phase

Answer 23

inflammation

Question 24

blood clotting or vessel compression and clot formation

Answer 24

hemostasis

Question 25

s/s of inflammatory process

Answer 25

swelling or edema erythema-redness = increased blood supply increased temp pain loss of function resulting from all these changing

Question 26

-Begins on the third or fourth day after injury and last 2 to 3 weeks

Answer 26

proliferation

Question 27

Wound is filled with new connective tissue, and epithelium that covers the wound

Answer 27

proliferation

Question 28

-Macrophages (phagocytic monocytes) clean wound of debris, stimulating fibroblasts, which synthesize collagen

Answer 28

proliferation

Question 29

fibrous structure protein of all connective tissue is the main ingredient of scar tissue

Answer 29

collagen

Question 30

New capillary networks provide oxygen & nutrients to support collagen, further synthesis of granulation tissue

Answer 30

proliferation

Question 31

Scarring influenced by degree of stress on wound

Answer 31

proliferation

Question 32

-Begins 3 weeks after injury

Answer 32

Maturation

Question 33

Scar maturation or remodeling, is process of collagen lysis and synthesis by macrophages to produce strongest possible scar tissue

Answer 33

maturation

Question 34

-Scar tissue slowly thins and becomes paler in color. Scar becomes firm and inelastic by the end.

Answer 34

maturation

Question 35

the length of this phase depends on the type if injury and whether the wound heals by first, second or third intention

Answer 35

wound healing

Question 36

when a wound occurs around the joint, the attention is to

Answer 36

maintain joint mobility and prevent a contracture

Question 37

abnormal shortening of muscle tissue

Answer 37

contracture

Question 38

if collagen overgrowth occurs which happens frequently in dark-pigmented people what develops

Answer 38

keloid

Question 39

permanent raised enlarged scar

Answer 39

keloid

Question 40

Please describe why we feel pain at the wound site

Answer 40

Pressure on nerve receptors