43 care with pt with integumentary disorders and burns Flashcards
what are the four types of dermatitis
contact
atopic
stasis
seborrheic
is not contagious unless a secondary infection has occurred in the lesion
Dermatitis
is delayed allergic response involving cell-mediated immunity
contact
S/S of contact dermatitis
Erythema, and swelling, pruritus, and appearance of vesicular lesions
Local skin irritation is evident w/on a few hours or days after exposure to the antigen
contact
what can cause a contact dermatitis to become irritated
cosmetic
soap
latex
and poison ivy
(eczema) affects about 10% of the population and is more common in infancy and childhood but does affect some adults.
Atopic Dermatitis aka eczema
S/S of atopic dermatitis
Release of histamine so like hives, irritation, bumps
lymphokines
complex activation that involves mast cells, T cells, lymphocytes, Langerhans cells, monocytes, B cells that produce immunoglobulin E & other inflammatory release of histamine
Atopic Dermatitis: (eczema)
generally occurs on the legs as a result of venous stasis and edema and is seen in conjunction with varicosities, phlebitis, and vascular trauma.
Stasis Dermatitis
when dealing w/ STASIS DERMATITIS what occurs first
Erythema and pruritus comes first
then scaling development of petechiae and hyperpigmentation
lesion may occur around the ankle and tibia
is a common inflammation involving the scalp, eyebrows, eyelids, ear canals, nasolabial folds, axillae, chest and back.
they are most common on the scalp
Seborrheic Dermatitis:
The cause is unknown
lesion appear as white or yellowish plaque w/ mild pruritus
Seborrheic Dermatitis:
how are dermatitis dx
by inspection and compiling a complete history
looking for possible exposure to causative substance
Treatment for dermatitis are
and what can you use
avoiding contact irritant or allergen
good lubrications
and moisture
Topical agents
is a disorder of the skin characterized by papules and pustules over the face, back, and shoulder
Acne
the two major acne are
rosacea and vulgaris
usually begins between ages 30 and 50.
acne rosacea
Characterized by erythema (redness), papules, pustules, and telangiectases (dilation of capillaries causing small red purple clusters called spider veins
acne rosacea
acne rosacea s/s
erythema (redness),
papules
pustules
telangiectases (dilation of capillaries causing small red purple clusters called spider veins
(dilation of capillaries causing small red purple clusters called spider veins
telangiectases
where do rosacea occur
on the face over the cheeks and bridge of the nose
dilated hair follicles filled with skin debris, bacteria, and sebum
comedos
contributory factors: hereditary disposition,
increased androgen levels,
premenstrual hormonal fluctuations,
use of heavy creams, certain drugs,
exposure to increase heat;
typically begins in early puberty,
continues through teen years, then begins to subside
Vulgaris more common
increase production of sebum triggers:
formation of blackheads
and whiteheads;
Vulgaris
vulgaris contribution
contributory factors: hereditary disposition,
increased androgen levels,
premenstrual hormonal fluctuations,
use of heavy creams, certain drugs,
exposure to increase heat;
typically begins in early puberty,
continues through teen years, then begins to subside
treatment for acne rosacea are
topical antibiotic
metro gel and retinoids
treatment for acne vulgaris and rosacea the best agent
papular and pustular
is used only for severe cystic acne that is resistant to all other treatment
Isotretinoiin
is a non contagious, chronic, recurring skin disorder. Also, a result of abnormally rapid rate of proliferation of skin cells.
psoriasis
s/s of psoriasis
typically appears as inflamed.
Edematous skin lesion covered with adherent silvery-white scales.
Most often appears on the elbows, knees, base of spine and sometimes the scalp.
Pitting on the surface of the fingernails
treat for psoriasis
steroid creams.
sunlight
Calcipotriene (Donvonex),
vitamin D
Tar preparations- shampoos, baths,
topical applications.
Antimetabolites.
steroid creams.
sunlight
Calcipotriene (Donvonex),
vitamin D
Tar preparations- shampoos, baths,
topical applications.
Antimetabolites.
are treatment for psoriasis
how should the skin be kept for a pt w psoriasis
moist and piable
humidifiers to increase moisture in the environment
Is an allergic reaction with skin manifestations. It can be caused by an infection, malignancy or medication or be categorized as idiopathic.
sjs
treatment for sjs
d/c drug,
provide supportive care with fluids and nutrition,
analgesia for lesions, sedatives if necessary
carbamazepine (teg)
phenytoin (dil)
antimalarial s.p.(fan)
ANTIBIOTIC sulfamethoxazole (bacterim)
are medication that can cause sjs
what medication that can cause sjs
carbamazepine (teg)
phenytoin (dil)
antimalarial s.p.(fan)
ANTIBIOTIC sulfamethoxazole (bacterim)
- an infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue and is generally caused by staphylococcus
Cellulitis
how would the area will look if you have cellulitis
erythematous
swollen
and painful
how do you treat a pt w cellulitis
antibiotic, and burrows soak
is an astringent and topical antiseptic also called
burrow solution and aluminum acetate solution
boils or skin abscesses are inflammations of hair follicles.
organism usually responsible is staphylococcus aureus
furuncles
how would a furuncles look
deep, firm, red, painful, nodule
1 to 5cm diameter
large amount of pus and necrotic tissue
collection of boils that have multiple pus heads most commonly occur on the back of the neck, upper back and lateral thighs
carbuncles
carbuncles
collection of boils that have multiple pus heads most commonly occur on the back of the neck, upper back and lateral thighs
it begins as a firm mass and evolves into erythematous, painful, swollen mass.
it may drain through many opening in the mass
abscesses may develop w fever, chills, and malaise
carbuncles
what are the characteristic of carbuncles
it begins as a firm mass and evolves into erythematous, painful, swollen mass.
it may drain through many opening in the mass
abscesses may develop w fever, chills, and malaise
