Chapter 37/38/39

Question 1

neoplasm

Answer 1

benign or malignant tumors

Question 2

Antineoplastic agents

Answer 2

• don’t kill directly–interrupt growth/devel/spread

- interfere with rep and synthesis

Question 3

Benefits of antineoplastics

Answer 3

• cure
• palliation (alleviate symptoms)
• Prolongation of life

Question 4

CCS agents

Answer 4

-hormones, alkylating agents, mitotic inhibitors

Question 5

CCNS

Answer 5

antimetabolites, antitumor antibiotics

Question 6

CAUTION

Answer 6

• change in bowel habits
• a sore that won’t heal
• unusual bleeding, discharge
• thickening lump
• indigestion, difficulty swallowing
• obvious change in wart or mole
• nagging cough

Question 7

Adverse reactions of antineoplastic

Answer 7

• toxic affects on normal cell
• bleeding
• stomatitis
• NVD
• hair loss
• fetal malformations

Question 8

Chemo

Answer 8

• most effective for small tumors

- must have efficient blood supply

Question 9

Surgical removal/radiation therapy

Answer 9

contributes to success of chemotherapy

Question 10

Chemotherapy

Answer 10

• directed towards controlling abnormal cell growth
• higher doses of chemo kill more cancer and healthy cells
• children respond better than adults

Question 11

Alkylating agents

Answer 11

cause x linking of DNA

• DNA strand breaks
• Abnormal bases pairing in cancer cells
• CCNS

Question 12

Antimetabolites

Answer 12

interfere with synthesis phase

• inhibit enzyme synthesis
• block normal cell growth and reproduction

Question 13

Antitumor antibiotics

Answer 13

-Inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis

Question 14

Mitotic inhibitors

Answer 14

-plant alkyloids inhibit mitosis in metaphase

Question 15

Liposomal therapy

Answer 15

• drugs packaged inside synthetic fat globules

- fatty coating keeps drug in system longer

Question 16

Hormone therapy

Answer 16

acts on target lesions with action being highly selective

Question 17

corticosteroids

Answer 17

suppress inflammation and may act by slowing tumor growth

-may give patient sense of well-being

Question 18

sex hormones

Answer 18

estrogens and androgens slow the growth of hormone dependent tumors

Question 19

antiandrogens

Answer 19

treat hormone response prostate cancer

Question 20

aromatase inhibitors

Answer 20

bock peripheral conversion of androgens to estrogens in postmenopausal women

Question 21

Immunosuppressants

Answer 21

stop rapid cell production

Question 22

Targeted therapies

Answer 22

• Topoisomerase inhibitors
• Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
• Proteosome inhibitors
• Monoclonal antibodies
• Angiogenesis inhibitors

Question 23

Proteosome inhibitors

Answer 23

disrupt aspects of cellular structure

Question 24

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Answer 24

prevent further proliferation

Question 25

Topoisomerase inhibitors

Answer 25

prevent enzyme for synthesis of DNA

Question 26

multikinase inhibitors (MKI)

Answer 26

prevent division

Question 27

angiogenesis inhibitors

Answer 27

prevent vascularization

Question 28

monoclonal antibodies

Answer 28

block tumor growth or alert bodys immune system to attack cancer cells

Question 29

Biologic response modifiers (BRM)

Answer 29

class of pharmacologic agents used to enhance the body’s immune system

• interfere with tumor activites
• promote differentiation of stem cell

Question 30

INF A

Answer 30

• produced by B, T, Mac
• antiviral, antiproliferative, immunomodulator
• inhibits cellular replication of viral DNA, interferes with tumor cell growth, enhances NK cell activity

Question 31

INF B

Answer 31

• Enhances suppressor T cells (can turn off immune reaction)
• reduce production of proinflam cytokines
• reduces antigen presentation
• inhibits movement of lymphocytes to CNS

Question 32

INF G

Answer 32

• delay disease progression
• reduce frequency and severity of serious infections
• enhance oxidative metabolism of macs
• enhance antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity
• enhance Fc receptors

Question 33

Colony stimulating factors (CSF)

Answer 33

proteins that stimulate or regulate the growth, maturation, and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells

Question 34

Interleukin

Answer 34

group of proteins produced by WBCs

• antitumor activites
• produced through recombinant DNA