Chapter 25 Flashcards
Patho of Inflammation
- reaction to tissue injury
- caused by release of chemical mediators
- leads to a vascular response
- fluid and WBCs migrate to injured site
Prostaglandins
Chemical mediators in inflammation
-increase capillary permeability, vasodilation, and increase pain and fevers
Cox enzyme
converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandins
Cox-1
protects stomach lining and regulates blood platelets
Cox-2
Triggers inflammation and pain
NSAIDS
nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
-Aspirin (Salicylates)
Corticosteroids
suppress or prevent inflammation
DMARD
disease modifying anti rheumatic drugs
NSAID function
- inhibit biosynthesis of prostoglandins
- analgestic and antipyretic
- inhibit platelet aggregations
- mimic effects of corticosteroids
NSAID action
-inhibit COX enzyme and prostaglandin synthesis
1st generation NSAIDS
a. Salicylates – PROTOTYPE: aspirin
b. Proprionic acid derivatives – PROTOTYPE: ibuprofen
Foods containing salicylates
prunes, raisins, licorice, spices
Reye’s syndrome
When Aspirin is given to a child with a viral infection
Propionic acid derivatives
ibuprofen: advil/motrin
COX 2 inhibitor prototype
celecoxib
Gold drug therapy
DMARD
- decreases leukocyte migration
- suppresses prostaglandin activity
- stops progression of joint degeneration
DMARD
disease modifying antirheumatic drugs
Side effects of gold drug therapy
-stomatitis, photosensitivity, metallic taste, sever rash, corneal gold deposits, bradycardia, hypotension,hematuria, nephrotoxicity
Immunomodulators
tumor necrosis factor blockers
-used for rheumatoid arthritis
Immunomodulator drugs
- end in CEPT is a biologic
- end in ab, monoclonal antibodies work with immune system
Infliximab
-Remicade
Anti gout drugs
colchcine
uric acid inhibitors
uricosurics
Colchicine
inhibit migration of leukocytes to inflamed site
Uric acid inhibitors
Allopurinol
-decrease uric acid levels
Uricosurics
Probenecid
-blocks reabsorption of uric acid and increases excretion
