Chapter 36: Resource Acquisition and Transport In Vascular Plants Flashcards
Water and minerals are pulled up from roots by
negative pressure by evaporation from leaves
Sugars are pushed by __
positive pressure
Xylem function
transports water and minerals from roots to shoots
Pholem function
transports photosynthetic products from where they are made to where they are needed
___ correlation between water availibity and leaf size
positive
Phyllotaxy
arrangement of leaves on a stem
Alternate/spiral phyllotaxy
when a species has one leaf per node
Opposite phyllotaxy
2 leaves per node
Whorled phllotaxy
2+ leaves per node
Leaf area index
ratio of total upper leaf surface divided by surface area of land on which it grows
How do roots adapt to environment
branch extensively and increase production go proteins
Plants have 2 major transport pathways
Apoplast abd symplast
Apoplast consists of
everything external to the plasma membranes of living cells
Symplast consits of
cytosol of all living cells in a plant, as well as the plasmodesmata
3 Transport Routes
- Apoplectic route
- symplastic route
- transmembrane route
Apoplectic route
outside cells through cell walls and extracellular spaces
Symplastic Route
Through the cytosol after crossing one plasma membrane to enter a cell
Transmembrane Route
Where water and solutes repeadtly cross plasma membranes as they pass from cell to cell
Osmosis
diffusion of water across a cell membrane
Water Potential
physical property that predicts the direction of water flow across a membrane
Flaccid cell
when placed in a higher solute concentration, lose water go limp
Turgid
when cell is in a lower solute , gain water become turgid
Endodermis
innermost layer of cells in the root cortex
The transport of xylem sap involves
transpiration
the evaporation of water
from a plant’s surface
