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Biology 083 > Chapter 34: Plant Reproduction and Growth > Flashcards

Chapter 34: Plant Reproduction and Growth Flashcards

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1
Q

Define

Vegetative Reproduction

3 Points

34.1

A
  • Asexual Reproduction
  • Done through piece of parent
  • New plant is clone of parent
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2
Q

Define

Runners

3 Points

34.1

A
  • Type of Vegetative Reproduction
  • Stem grown from parent “runs” along soil surface
  • Notches along stem sprout roots, becoming new plant

Strawberry plants

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3
Q

Define

Rhizomes

2 Points

34.1

A
  • Type of Vegetative Reproduction
  • Underground horizontal stems that continuely grow

Ginger

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4
Q

Define

Suckers

2 Points

34.1

A
  • Type of Vegetative Reproduction
  • Pieces of parent plant’s root that can grow

Dandelion D:<

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5
Q

Define

Adventitious Plantlets

2 Points

34.1

A
  • Type of Vegetative Reproduction
  • Plantlets that form from meristematic tissue on parent plant’s leaves
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6
Q

Define

Pollen Grain

2 Points

34.1

A
  • Contains male gametophytes
  • Comes from microspores
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7
Q

Define

Microspore

1 Point

34.1

A
  • A spore that creates male gametophytes
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8
Q

Define

Embryo Sac

2 Points

34.1

A
  • Female gametophyte
  • Develops from a megaspore
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9
Q

Define

Megaspore

1 Point

34.1

A
  • A spore that creates a female gametophyte
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10
Q

Define

Stamens

1 Point

34.2

A
  • The male parts of a flower
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11
Q

Define

Carpel

1 Point

34.2

A
  • The entire female part of a flower
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12
Q

Define

Ovary

2 Points (Flower Biology)

34.2

A
  • The lower bulging portion of the carpel
  • Part of Female Flower
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13
Q

Define

Style

2 Points (Flower Biology)

34.2

A
  • The slender stalk attached to a flower ovary
  • Part of Female flower
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14
Q

Define

Stigma

2 Points (Flower Biology)

34.2

A
  • The sticky tip on the end of a style
  • Part of Female flower
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15
Q

Define

Imperfect Flower

1 Point

34.2

A
  • A flower that contains only female or only male parts
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16
Q

Define

Dioecious

1 Point

34.2

A
  • A plant that has only male or only female flowers
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17
Q

Define

Monoecious

1 Point

34.2

A
  • A plant that has imperfect flowers of both the male and female variety
18
Q

Define

Anther

1 Point

34.2

A
  • The part at the tip of a stamen
19
Q

Define

Pollen Sac

2 Points

34.2

A
  • Found within the anther
  • Contain microspore mother cells
20
Q

Define

Microspore Mother Cell

2 Points

34.2

A
  • Found within pollen sacs
  • Undergoes transformation and division to eventually become pollen grains
21
Q

Define

Ovule

2 Points

34.2

A
  • Found within the ovary
  • Contains megaspore mother cell
22
Q

Define

Pollination

1 Point

34.3

A
  • The process by which pollen is transferred from anther to stigma
23
Q

Define

Development

1 Point

34.4

A
  • The entire process between fertilization and maturity
24
Q

Define

Cotyledons

2 Points

34.4

A
  • The “leaves” that first appear after a seed has sprouted
  • Are a form of food for a seed
25
Q

Define

Integument

1 Point

34.4

A
  • A tough outer protective cover
26
Q

Define

Seed Coat

1 Point

34.4

A
  • The outer shell of a seed
27
Q

Define

Aerobic respiration

1 Point

34.6

A
  • The process in which oxygen is used to create energy from a fuel source
28
Q

Define

Coleoptile

1 Point

34.6

A
  • The protective sheath covering a new shoot in Monocots
29
Q

Define

Macronutrient

1 Point

34.7

A
  • An essential nutrient needed in large amounts
30
Q

Define

Micronutrient

1 Point

34.7

A
  • An essential nutrient needed in tiny amounts
31
Q

What are the 9 Macronutrients required by plants?

34.7

A
  • Carbon
  • Hydrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen
  • Potassium
  • Calcium
  • Phosphorus
  • Magnesium
  • Sulfur
32
Q

What are the 7 Micronutrients required by plants?

34.7

A
  • Iron
  • Chlorine
  • Copper
  • Manganese
  • Zinc
  • Molybdenum
  • Boron
33
Q

Define

Hydroponics

2 Points

34.7

A
  • Plants grown entirely suspended above water
  • Exact nutritional requirements are added or removed as needed
34
Q

Define

Hydroponic Culture

1 Point

34.7

A
  • The solutions used to research nutrients needed by plants
35
Q

Define

Differentiation

1 Point

34.8

A
  • The formation of specialized tissues from existing tissues
36
Q

What did F.C Steward do?

34.8

A
  • Induced isolated bits of carrot phloem tissue to grow into new carrots
37
Q

What are the 5 major (known) kinds of plant hormones?

34.8

A
  • Auxin
  • Gibberellins
  • Cytokinins
  • Ethylene
  • Abscisic Acid
38
Q

Define

Phototropism

1 Point

34.10

A
  • The growth of plants towards light
39
Q

Define

Auxin

3 Points

34.9

A
  • The substance that causes a plant to bend towards light
  • Avoids light
  • Side of plant with more auxin grows and divides more causing the bend
40
Q

What did Frits Went do?

1 Point

34.9

A
  • Figured out how auxin controls plant growth
41
Q

Define

Synthetic Auxins

2 Points

34.9

A
  • Used to control weeds
  • Causes affected plants to grow to death, reducing ATP production
42
Q

Define

Dioxin

2 Points

34.9

A
  • Endocrine disruptor
  • Chemical that interferes with human development

Biology 083 (5 decks)

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