Chapter 3.4 : Formulas and Names Flashcards

1
Q

ionic compounds are always made of ____ and _____ ions

A

positive

negative

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2
Q

in the chemical formula of n ionic compound, the sum of the charges of the positive ions (cations), must equal…?

A

the sum of the charges of the negative ions (anions)

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3
Q

the formula of an ionic compound reflects the _____ ______ ____ of ions

A

smallest whole-number ratio

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4
Q

for metals that form cations with only one charge the name of the cation is…?

A

the same as the name of the metal

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5
Q

for metals that form cations with more than one possible charge the name of the cation is…?

A

the same as that of the metal plus roman numerals that show the charge

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6
Q

how do you construct the name of monoatomic anions

A

BASE NAME + suffix -IDE

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7
Q

define oxyanion

A

ions containing oxygen and another element

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8
Q

when naming oxyanions, if there is only two ions in the series, the one with more oxygen atoms has the ending ____ and the one with fewer has the ending ____

A
  • ate

- ite

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9
Q

when naming oxyanions, if there are more than two ions in a series, the prefixes _____ (meaning less than), and ____ (meaning more than) are used along with the suffixes -ate and -ite

A

hypo-

per-

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10
Q

define hydrate

A

an ionic compound that contains a specific number of water molecules associated with each formula unit

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11
Q

the water molecules associated with the formula unit are called…?

A

waters of hydration

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12
Q

define anhydrous

A

not containing any associated water molecules

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13
Q

to name a hydrate just tack on ______ to the end of the usual name

A

prefix hydrate

the prefix indicates the number of water molecules associated with the formula unit

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14
Q

define binary molecular compound

A

a compound that contains only two different elements (bonded covalently)

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15
Q

what steps would you take to name a binary molecular compound

A

(prefix + name of 1st element) + (prefix + base name of 2nd element + -ide)

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16
Q

when is the only time you do not use a prefix for the first element in a molecular compound?

A

when it is mono

17
Q

when naming a binary molecular compound how do you decide which element to put first?

A

you put the element which is more metal-like (towards the bottom left corner of the periodic table)

18
Q

define acid

A

a molecular compound that is able to donate an H+ ion (proton). In water, this increases the concentration of H+

19
Q

what steps would you take in order to name an acid?

A

hydro + base name of nonmetal + -ic +acid

20
Q

how would you name an oxyanion acid with the ending -ate

A

base name of oxyanion + -ic +acid

21
Q

how would you name an oxyanion acid with the ending -ite

A

base name of oxyanion + -ous +acid