21.10 Polymerization Flashcards
Define monomer
The individual unit repeated in a chain to form a polymer
What is the partial reasoning for polymers being so durable?
Because the molecules are hundreds of thousands of atoms in length and breaking the intermolecular between them is therefore very difficult (because the intermolecular forces are so great)
Define difunctional monomer
A monomer that has two functional groups, used in two step-growth polymerization reactions
(Substitution reaction. Two different groups that react together)
Define condensation polymer
A polymer formed by elimination of an an atom or small group of atoms (usually water) between pairs of monomers during polymerization
Define step growth polymerization
The polymerization reaction between difunctional monomers
Define diol
An organic molecule that contains two alcohol groups that functions as a monomer in two step-growth polymerization
Define diacid
An organic molecule that contains two carboxylic acid groups that functions as a monomer in step growth polymerization
Define Polyester
A step growth polymer in which monomers are connected by ester groups
Name two ways you can make polyester
- Diol monomer + diacid monomer
2. Diester monomer + diol monomer
What does PET stand for and what is it?
poly(ethylene terephthalate)
A step growth polymer composed of the monomers dimethyl terephthalate and ethan-1,2-diol
Define polyamide
A step growth polymer in which monomers are connected by amide groups
How are polyamides usually made?
By reacting diacids and diamines
Define addition polymer
A polymer that is formed by simple addition of monomers, without the elimination of atoms
What is the simplest addition polymer?
Polyethylene
What occurs when ethene monomers react with each other?
Double bonds between carbon atoms are broken and single carbon carbon bonds are formed between monomer units
