Chapter 3.4-3.6 Flashcards
What is passive transport?
Movement of any molecules from high to low concentration without energy
What does selectively permeable mean?
The cell membrane will only allow certain molecules to pass
What is a concentration gradient?
An area of high concentration across from an area of low concentration
What is facilitated diffusion?
Material moves down a concentration gradient using membrane proteins
What is a hypertonic solution?
More solute outside of the cell
What is an isotonic solution
Equal amount of solute in the water and the cell
What is a hypotonic solution?
Less solute outside the cell
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across a membrane
What type of molecules can diffuse across a membrane
Small noncharged and nonpolar molecules
Ex: water
What type of molecules cannot diffuse easily?
Large polar molecules and charged molecules
What does it mean to facilitate?
To help
Describe how glucose enters your cells
The glucose binds with a protein, the protein changes its shape, then releases the glucose into the cell
What is an ion?
A charged atom
What are ion channels?
Proteins that provide small passageways across the cell membrane so that specific ions can diffuse
What is active transport?
Movement of molecules from lower to higher concentrations that requires energy
Describe the steps of the sodium potassium pump
3 Na bind to the membrane pump
Protein changes shape and releases 3 Na out
2 k bind
2 k released inside cell
What is a resting potential?
The potential to send a nerve impasse
What is endocytosis?
Cells ingest external material by folding around them and forming a vesicle
What is exocytosis?
Vesicles made by the cell fuse with the cell membrane releasing their contents into the external environment
What is phagocytosis?
The vesicles contain large particles or cells - solids
What is pinocytosis?
Vesicles contain solutes or fluids
