Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is progeria?
Rapid aging
What is wrong with progeria cells?
Intermediate filament proteins associated with the inner nuclear membrane are mutated
Why do we study cells?
Find causes and cures of diseases
Understand ourselves
Stop harming cells with bad habits
What are the three parts of the cell theory?
Cells are the basic unit of life
Cells come from preexisting cells
All organisms are made up of 1 or more cells
For each scientist give their contribution to the cell theory: Jansen Hooke Leeuwoenhoek Brown Schleiden Schwann Braun Virchow
Jansen- first compound microscope
Hooke- viewed cell walls of Carl and coined the term cells
Leeuwoenhoek- observed the first living cells in dental scrapings
Brown- discovered the nucleus in plant cells
Schleiden- all plants are made of cells
Schwann- all animals are made of cells
Braun- cells are the basic unit of life
Virchow- cells come from preexisting cells
List the characteristics of life
Organization Response to stimuli Homeostasis Regulation Reproduction Energy processing Growth and development Adaption
Why are cells considered living?
Cells have all the characteristics of life
What elements are cells mostly made of?
Cells have all the characteristics of life
Why are cells different if they are all made up of the same element
Different shapes and structures to the cells
Describe the function of a nerve cells vs a cardiac muscle cell…why are they different?
Nerve cells transmit signals, cardiac muscle cells produce protein. They are different because of their chairs and structures
Why are cells so small?
The less surface area, the less energy the cell needs
Describe the difference between cilia and flagella.
Cilia helps things stick, flagella helps things flow
Venn diagram of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic
No nucleus
No membrane bound organelles
1 circular chromosome
Both
Cell membrane
DNA
Ribosomes
Eukaryotic
Nucleus
Membrane bound organelles
Several limeade chromosomes
Venn diagram of plant and animal cells
Plant
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Central vacuole
Both Nucleus Cell membrane DNA Rough and smooth ER Ribosomes Mitochondria
Animal
Small vesicles
Centrioles
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Helps control what goes in and out
What is the function of the nucleus?
Controls the cell
Mitochondria function
Produces energy in the form of ATP
Golgi apparatus function
Modify, sort, and package proteins
Cytoskeleton function
Helps support and plays a role in the cells shape
Ribosomes function
Make proteins
Nucleolus function
Make ribosomes
Chloroplast function
Photosynthesis, or food for a plant
Lysosomes function
Remove waste
Endoplasmic reticulum function
Transport proteins
Protein function
Determines the cells function
Look at a cell mode and identify each organelle
Go do it
