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COM MOD 2.2 Viruses > Chapter 3.28 The Rest of the DNA Viruses > Flashcards

Chapter 3.28 The Rest of the DNA Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

What is the shape of poxviridae?

A

brick-shaped DNA virus where the DNA is organized into a dumbbell shape

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2
Q

What is the difference between poxviridae and other DNA viruses?

A

poxviridae replicated in the cytoplasm

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3
Q

What disease is caused by poxviridae?

A

smallpox

NOT CHICKEN POX

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4
Q

What was the clinical presentation of smallpox?

A

pox skin lesions and death from poxviridae infection of the respiratory system

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5
Q

What is a concern with smallpox?

A

since so many people have no immunity to it, it could be used as bioterrorism

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6
Q

How is smallpox transmitted?

A

only in humans from person-to-person via large droplets

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7
Q

What is droplet transmission?

A

large particles containing smallpox are propelled from an infected person over short distances and deposit onto mucous membranes (mouth or nose) of another person

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8
Q

What is aerosol transmission?

A

small particles containing particles smallpox are propelled from an infected person and is inhaled by another person (ex. cough)

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9
Q

What are the major differences between smallpox and chicken pox?

A

Smallpox- ulcerating, deep pustules develop all at the same time and appear most densely on the face and palms
Chickenpox- pustules appear in waves (crops) and start on face and torso and later spread to entire body

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10
Q

Table of chickenpox vs smallpox

A

Smallpox- orthopoxviridae, synchronous lesions, deep lesions, centrifugal spread, prominent on face and palms
Chickenpox- herepesviridae, asynchronous lesions, superficial lesions, centripetal spread, prominent in chest

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11
Q

What are the 3 members of the papovaviridae group?

A

*PA-PO-VA viridae
PA: PApilloma virus- cause human warts and cervical cancer
PO: POlyomavirus- 2 members- human BK and JC virus
VA: Simian VAcuolating virus that doesn’t affect humans

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12
Q

What is the mneumonic key to help remember papovaviridae?

A

*think O
O for circular double stranded DNA
O for round warts
O for round cervix

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13
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a patient with warts from Papilloma virus?

A

benign hyperproliferation of keratinized squamous epithelium

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14
Q

What affect can papilloma virus have on the cervix?

A

cause cervical dysplasia and carcinoma related to sexual activity and HPV exposure

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15
Q

What is a PAP smear?

A

used to detect early dysplastic cellular changes in the cervix from papilloma virus

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16
Q

What are 2 FDA-approved vaccines for HPV?

A

quadrivalent vaccine that is effective against:
HPV type 16 and 18 which cause cervical cancer
HPV types 6 and 11 which cause genital warts

17
Q

What 2 polyoma viruses infect humans?

A

BK and JC

18
Q

Who is at risk for BK Polyomavirus?

A

mild or asymptomatic infection in children

causes symptomatic disease in immunocompromised patients

19
Q

What is the major disease caused by BK virus?

A

nephritis and ureteral stenosis in renal transplant patients, and hemorrhagic cystitis in bone marrow transplant patients

20
Q

Who is at right for JC Polyomavirus?

A

immunocompromised patients

21
Q

What is the infection caused by JC Polyomavirus?

A

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

22
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a patient with PML?

A

CNS white matter damage

*imagine JC penny shoppers walking around the store with memory loss, poor speech, and incoordination

23
Q

What infection is caused by Adenoviridae?

A

upper respiratory tract infections

*most common in children

24
Q

What are the clinical manifestations from adenoviridae?

A

rhinitis, conjunctivitis, sore throat, cough

25
Q

What are the most common respiratory illnesses in children?

A

RSV, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, and adenovirus

26
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a patient with enteric adenoviruses?

A

diarrheal illness in infants and children

27
Q

What are the characteristics of Parvoviridae?

A

smallest icosahedral virus and has a single strand of DNA

28
Q

What disease is caused by parvoviridae?

A 
erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) in children
characterized by fever and "slapped" face rash on the cheek

COM MOD 2.2 Viruses (7 decks)

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