Chapter 31

Question 1

a list of eight specific legislative reforms or initiatives that Republicans
representatives promised to enact if they gained a majority in Congress in the 1994 midterm elections

Answer 1

Contract with America

Question 2

the statistical differences between the voting preferences of women and men, with women
favoring Democratic candidates

Answer 2

gender gap

Question 3

a political party founded in 1984 that advocates environmentalism and grassroots democracy

Answer 3

Green Party

Question 4

a professional organization conducting research and political advocacy on behalf of
its values and perspectives

Answer 4

Heritage Foundation

Question 5

a deadly immune deficiency disorder discovered in 1981, and at first largely ignored by
politicians because of its prevalence among gay men

Answer 5

HIV/AIDS

Question 6

a loose coalition of American conservatives, consisting primarily of wealthy businesspeople and
evangelical Christians, which developed in response to social changes of the 1960s and 1970s

Answer 6

New Right

Question 7

the U.S. name of the war waged from January to April 1991, by coalition forces
against Iraq in reaction to Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait in August 1990

Answer 7

Operation Desert Storm

Question 8

Ronald Reagan’s economic policy, which suggested that lowering taxes on the upper income
brackets would stimulate investment and economic growth

Answer 8

Reaganomics

Question 9

a treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union that limited the number of nuclear
warheads, ballistic missiles, and strategic bombers held by both sides

Answer 9

START

Question 10

reluctance on the part of American politicians to actively engage U.S. forces in a foreign
war for fear of suffering a humiliating defeat

Answer 10

Vietnam Syndrome

Question 11

a nationwide political campaign to implement harsh sentences for drug crimes, which
produced an explosive growth of the prison population

Answer 11

war on drugs