Chapter 30 Flashcards
embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat
seed
How can a seed be transported?
By wind, water, and animals
naked seeds
gymnosperms (conifers)
flowering plants
angiosperms
seedless plants nonvascular
dominant gametophyte generation
seedless plants vascular
dominant sporophyte
Most conifers are ____ and can carry out photosynthesis year round.
evergreens
bear seeds in cones
separate female and male cones
male cones produce pollen which is carried by wind to female cones
female cones produce ovules
Gymnosperms (naked seeds)
Angiosperms originated at least ___ years ago
140 million
seed plants with reproductive structures
flowers and fruits
most widespread and diverse of all plants
angiosperms
Angiosperms are all classified in a single phylum called?
anthophyta
Angiosperms are mainly pollinated by ___ and ___, but some can be by ___.
insects, animals, wind
specialized for sexual reproduction
flowers
enclose the flower
green or colored
sepals
brightly colored and attract pollinators
petals
male
produce pollen on their terminal anthers
stamens
female
produce ovules
carpels
mature ovary containing 1 or more seeds
fruit
Fruits ___ seeds and aid in their ___.
protect; dispersal
Most of our food comes from
angiosperms
What 6 crops yield 80% of calories consumed by humans?
wheat, rice, maize, potatoes, cassava, and sweet potatoes
products of relatively recent genetic change resulting from artificial selection
modern crops
Example of a gymnosperm
pine tree
