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Biology > Chapter 29 > Flashcards

Chapter 29 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

nonvascular plants

A

bryophytes

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2
Q

majority of land plants

A

vascular plants

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3
Q

seed plants

A

gymnosperms and anglosperms

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4
Q

Fossil evidence indicates that plants were on land at least

A

475 million years ago

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5
Q

What did plants evolve from?

A

ancestral green algae

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6
Q

How many species of plants are living now?

A

roughly 290,000

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7
Q

Presence of ____ ____ enabled other life forms to survive on land.

A

land plants

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8
Q

Plants:

A
  1. Supply oxygen through photosynthesis

2. Source of most food eaten by land animals

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9
Q

Over time, land plants evolved mechanisms for survival for life on land such as?

A
  1. Reproductive cycle (alternation of generations)
  2. Roots and shoots, together with vascular tissue
  3. Different mechanisms for conserving water
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10
Q

What are the 3 types of bryophytes?

A
  1. Liverworts
  2. Hornworts
  3. Mosses (most closely related to vascular plants)
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11
Q

dominant stage in life cycle

A

gametophyte

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12
Q

Thin structure, forms ground-hugging carpets
No vascular tissue (unable to grow tall)
Require water for fertilization
Found in moist habitats

A

Bryophytes

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13
Q

Fossils of forerunners of vascular plants date back about

A

420 million years ago

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14
Q

organs that anchor vascular plants

A

roots

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15
Q

enable vascular plants to absorb water and nutrients from soil

A

roots

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16
Q

organs that increase surface area of vascular plants

A

leaves

17
Q

What are the two types of vascular plants?

A

Seedless (ferns) and seeded

18
Q

includes club mosses, spike mosses and quillworts

A

Phylum Lycophyta

19
Q

includes ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns and their relatives

A

Phylum Pterophyta

20
Q

What is an example of a seedless non-vascular plant?

A

Bryophytes or moss

21
Q

What is an example of seedless vascular plants?

A

fern

Biology (6 decks)

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