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Bio 1306 Exam 3 > Chapter 30 > Flashcards

Chapter 30 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What species make up the majority of plant species?

A

Seed plants

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2
Q

What are the 2 major groups of plants?

A

Gymnosperms and angiosperms

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3
Q

What are gymnosperms?

A

Naked seeds, cone

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4
Q

What are angiosperms

A

Flowers

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5
Q

Are the gametophytes reduced?

A

Yes

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6
Q

What does reduced mean?

A

Heteromorphic (Occuring as different types)

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7
Q

What does pollen do?

A

Protects male gametophytes

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8
Q

What do gametophytes do?

A

Make gametes

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9
Q

What do ovules do?

A

Make female gametophytes

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10
Q

Are seedless plants self-fertilizing?

A

Not necessarily

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11
Q

What are the seed layers, outside to inside?

A

Seed coat, food supply, embryo

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12
Q

What are some adaptations of Seed plants? How do these help?

A

Seeds/pollen (Protect against drying and UV rays)

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13
Q

What are some derived traits for seed plants (ADD MORE DETAIL!)

A

Reduced gametophytes, heterospory (Differences in spores by sex), ovules, pollen and seeds

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14
Q

What do microspores give rise to?

A

Male gametophytes

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15
Q

What do megaspores give rise to?

A

Female gametophytes

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16
Q

Ovules are __-

A

Integument (Clarity)

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17
Q

Megasporangium are (diploid/haploid)

A

Diploid

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18
Q

Megaspores are (diploid/haploid)

A

Haploid

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19
Q

What dominates moss life cycles?

A

Gametophytes

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20
Q

Are moss sporangium diploid or haploid?

A

Diploid

21
Q

Do ferns and seedless plants have reduced gametophytes?

A

Yes

22
Q

What dominates fern/seedless plant life cycles?

A

Sporangium

23
Q

Are gametophytes for ferns, seedless plants, and seedless vascular plants (diploid/haploid)

A

haploid

24
Q

Are sporangium for ferns, seedless plants, and seedless vascular plants (diploid/haploid)

A

Diploid

25
Q

How does pollen fertilize an ovule?

A

Pollen grain goes through micropyle, then the female gamete develops a pollen tube that ______________

26
Q

How does the seed germinate?

A

Ovule develops into a seed with an embryo, food supply, and protective coat

27
Q

What are some characteristics of gymnosperms?

A

Naked seeks, cone bearing

28
Q

What are some examples of gymnosperms?

A

Conifers (Pines, firs, redwoods)

29
Q

How do gymnosperms reproduce?

A

They make small pollen cones and large ovulate cones (usually on the same tree)

30
Q

How old are the oldest gymnosperm fossils?

A

~305 million years old

31
Q

What role did gymnospems play? Where did they live?

A

Dry climate, food for giant herbivorous dinosaurs, pollinated by insects >100 mya

32
Q

Where are pollen grains made?

A

The stamen

33
Q

Where does fertilization happen?

A

The ovule

34
Q

Why are fruits important?

A

They protect seeds and aid in dispersal?

35
Q

What are some characteristics and examples of fruits?

A

Can be dry or fleshy, include beans, nuts, and grains

36
Q

When did angiosperms evolve?

A

Early cretaceous (~140 mya)

37
Q

How may have flowering plants become dominant?

A

Plant pollinator interactions

38
Q

How many embryos do monocots have?

A

1

39
Q

How many embryos do eudicots have?

A

2

40
Q

What type of venation do monocots have?

A

Paralell

41
Q

What type of venation do eudicots have?

A

netlike

42
Q

What type of stem do eudicots have?

A

Ringed vascular tissue

43
Q

What type of stem do monocots have?

A

Scattered vascular tissue

44
Q

What type of roots do eudicots have?

A

Main root

45
Q

What type of roots do monocots have?

A

No main root

46
Q

What type of pollen grains do monocots have?

A

One opening

47
Q

What type of pollen grains do eudicots have?

A

3 openings

48
Q

What type of flowers do monocots have?

A

Multiples of 3

49
Q

What type of flowers do eudicots have?

A

Multiples of 4 or 5

Bio 1306 Exam 3 (6 decks)

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