Chapter 28 Flashcards
How does the endosymbiotic theory say plastids and mitochondria came around?
Engulfed aerobic and photosynthetic bacteria became functioning organelles
What are the 4 supergroups of eukaryotic cells?
SAR, Excavata, Archaeplastida, Unikonts
What are the 3 domains of life?
Eukarya, bacteria, archae
Do eukarya have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles?
Yes
What does the cytoskeleton do?
Lets eukarya have irregular forms and change shape as they feed, move, and grow
What are protists?
Eukaryotes that aren’t plants, animals, or fungi
What group used to be a kingdom?
Protists
What are most eukaryotic lineages?
Protists
Are most protists unicellular or multicellular?
Unicellular organisms
What are photoautotrophs?
Autotrophs that gain energy from light
What are mixotrophs?
Organisms that can use several different feeding strategies
How do protists reproduce?
Asexually
How did excavates get their name?
Some have an excavated feeding groove
What are some traits of excavates?
Modified mitochondria or unique flagella
What are some traits of diplomonads?
Reduced mitochondria
What are euglenozoans?
A diverse group of diplomonads with spiral/cystalline flagella (EG tryphysona, euglena)
What does SAR stand for?
Stramenophiles, Alveolates, Rhizaria
What fall into the Stramenophiles group?
Diatoms, brown algae, water molds
What are some characteristics of stramenophiles?
Can have “hairy” or “smooth” flagella, diatoms have glass like overlapping boxy walls made of silica.
Is brown algae unicellular or multicellular? What does it look like?
Multicellular, plant like
What tissues/organs does brown algae have?
None
What were oomycetes formely classified as?
Fungi
What historical event did oomycetes cause?
Irish famine (potato blight)
Are there haploid or diploid stages for multicellular organisms?
Both
What structure do most alveolites have?
Enclosed scs below the cell membrane
What organisms fall under the alveolite category?
DinoflagelletesH
How do dinoflagelletes move?
By flagella
What are some dinoflagellates?
Ciliates (move by cilia, EG paramecium), plasmodium (parasite that causes malaria)
LOOK AT MOSQUITO DIAGRAM
LOOK AT LIFE CYCLE DIAGRAM AND KNOW WHAT STAGES ARE DIPLOID/HAPLOID
